MATING BEHAVIOR IN RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): III. MALE AGGREGATION IN RESPONSE TO AN ARRESTANT

AbstractMale apple maggot flies, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), were present on ceresin wax domes (the site of oviposition and the site of assembly for mating) in much greater relative frequency when caged with 1 or more females or with several other males than when caged alone. Field and laboratory experiments subsequently revealed that a principal stimulus eliciting this greater degree of male assembly was an unidentified chemical(s) deposited on the surface of apples and ceresin domes by both sexes (but in greater amount by mature females) causing arriving males to spend up to twice as much time there as on untreated fruit. The presence of the chemical did not elicit any greater attraction of males to the fruit. The consequence of the longer male residency on domes with the chemical was male aggregation and an ensuant higher frequency of mutual encounter and attempted copulation than on untreated domes. While the chemical acts to arrest males, we theorize that mere detection of its presence may be sufficient to cause males to remain in the vicinity and watch for females.

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MATING BEHAVIOR OF RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) VI. SITE OF EARLY-SEASON ENCOUNTERS

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent112585-6 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 112 (6) ◽

pp. 585-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

D. Courtney Smith ◽

Ronald J. Prokopy

Keyword(s):

Mating Behavior ◽

Oviposition Behavior ◽

Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽

Field Observations ◽

Early Season

AbstractField observations of Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) adults on apple and hawthorn trees revealed that mating encounters occur on leaves in early-season and shift to fruit with the onset of oviposition. Most matings on leaves are initiated from a male frontal approach to the female and most of those on fruit from a rear approach while the female is engaged in some phase of oviposition behavior. This suggests that matings on fruit may be forced matings with unreceptive females.

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MATING BEHAVIOR IN RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): V. VIRGIN FEMALE ATTRACTION TO MALE ODOR

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent107905-8 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 107 (8) ◽

pp. 905-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ronald J. Prokopy

Keyword(s):

Mating Behavior ◽

Virgin Female ◽

Large Field ◽

Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽

Principal Role ◽

Male Odor ◽

Female Attraction ◽

Virgin Male ◽

Female Attractant

AbstractEvidence from studies in large field cages indicated that odor from virgin male apple maggot flies, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), was attractive to virgin females. Whether the principal role of this odor in mating behavior is in fact that of a female attractant or rather that of an aphrodisiac is uncertain and awaits further study.

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Mating behavior of the Persian boxer mantid, Holaptilon brevipugilis (Mantodea: Mantidae)

Journal of Orthoptera Research ◽

10.3897/jor.29.37595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahmood Kolnegari

Keyword(s):

Mating Behavior ◽

Mating Success ◽

Relative Frequency ◽

Sexual Cannibalism ◽

Male Courtship ◽

Courtship Display ◽

Hunger Level ◽

Mating Behaviors ◽

Courtship Behaviors ◽

Determining Factor

The Persian boxer mantid, Holaptilon brevipugilis, is the mantid most recently described from Iran. Here, I present some aspects of the courtship display and mating behavior of this species. I conducted 28 mating trials, quantified the relative frequency of all mating behaviors, and estimated the pre-copulation, copulation, and post-copulation periods. I also compared the effects of frontal vs. lateral approaches of the male for mating success, since frontal approach increases the risk that the male will be seen and cannibalized by the female. In 64% of trials, the male approached the female immediately, regardless of whether the female could see him or not. Copulation was successful in 61% of trials. Male courtship consisted of dorsoventral bending of the male’s abdomen and occurred in 10% of all trials, but only when the female was facing the male. In contrast, trembling of the forelimbs was not associated with copulation, occurred in 10% of all trials, and was always followed by the male moving away from the female. I observed one female cannibalizing a male post-copulation. The Persian boxer mantid might be sexually cannibalistic, but confirming this hypothesis would require further studies, including a focus on female hunger level as a determining factor in sexual cannibalism and in male courtship behaviors.

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FORAGING FOR NECTAR AND POLLEN ON THISTLE FLOWERS (CIRSIUM VULGARE) AND ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS: HOW BUMBLE BEES (BOMBUS IMPATIENS) RESPOND TO COLONY REQUIREMENTS

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/156853999501667 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 136 (8) ◽

pp. 951-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Denis Cohen-Salmon ◽

France Landry ◽

Virginia Simonds ◽

Keyword(s):

Relative Frequency ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Bumble Bees ◽

Bombus Impatiens ◽

Deprivation Condition ◽

Cirsium Vulgare ◽

Behavioural Responses ◽

Artificial Flowers ◽

Flower Handling

AbstractThis study documented two behavioural responses to pollen and nectar deprivation in a colony of bumble bees: flower handling and choice. In two laboratory experiments, colonies were deprived, on successive days, of pollen and of nectar. In the first experiment, the bees foraged on thistle flowers, and in the second, they foraged on artificial flowers. In both studies, flower handling depended on deprivation condition: the relative frequency of scrabbling for pollen rather than probing for nectar was of the order of tenfold higher when the colony was deprived of pollen. Choice also depended on deprivation condition. In Experiment 1, old thistle flowers, which had abundant pollen visible, were visited more frequently than new flowers when the colony was deprived of pollen. Similarly in Experiment 2, the row of artificial flowers containing both nectar and pollen was visited more frequently than the row of flowers containing only nectar when the colony was deprived of pollen.

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MATING BEHAVIOR IN RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): I. SITE OF ASSEMBLY

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1031405-10 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 103 (10) ◽

pp. 1405-1409 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Ronald J. Prokopy ◽

Edward W. Bennett ◽

Guy L. Bush

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Mating Behavior ◽

Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽

Field Observations ◽

Plant Laboratory ◽

Larval Host ◽

Strong Agreement

AbstractThe results of systematically conducted field observations revealed that the site of male:female assembly for mating in apple maggot flies, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), was exclusively on the fruit of the larval host plant. Laboratory observations were in strong agreement with this finding.

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Covering of cometary nucleus by refractory crust and its evolution into asteroid-like body

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100031675 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 173 ◽

pp. 365-370

Author(s):

Kh.I. Ibadinov

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Cometary Nucleus ◽

Sublimation Rate ◽

Cometary Nuclei ◽

Short Period Comet ◽

Short Period ◽

Brightness Decrease ◽

Crust Thickness ◽

Ice Sublimation ◽

Period Comet

AbstractFrom the established dependence of the brightness decrease of a short-period comet dependence on the perihelion distance of its orbit it follows that part of the surface of these cometary nuclei gradually covers by a refractory crust. The results of cometary nucleus simulation show that at constant insolation energy the crust thickness is proportional to the square root of the insolation time and the ice sublimation rate is inversely proportional to the crust thickness. From laboratory experiments resulted the thermal regime, the gas productivity of the nucleus, covering of the nucleus by the crust, and the tempo of evolution of a short-period comet into the asteroid-like body studied.

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Relative Frequency Predicts Presence of Voice Disorders

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.ftj1.18032013.31 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 31-31

Keyword(s):

Relative Frequency ◽

Voice Disorders

Relative Frequency Predicts Presence of Voice Disorders

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When Does Voice Have to be More Than Only Listening? Procedural Justice Effects as a Function of Confident Leadership

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000011 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 69-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David De Cremer ◽

Maarten Wubben

Keyword(s):

Procedural Justice ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Negative Emotions

The present research examined how voice procedures and leader confidence affect participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. It was predicted that receiving voice would be valued out of instrumental concerns, but only when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Two laboratory experiments indeed showed an interaction between type of voice (pre-decisional vs. post-decisional) and leader’s confidence (low vs. high) on participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. In particular, post-decision voice only led to more negative responses than did pre-decision voice when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Negative emotions mediated this interaction effect of type of voice on willingness to withdraw. Implications for integrating the leadership and procedural justice literatures are discussed.

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