scholarly journals The Effects of Eccentric Training on Biceps Femoris Architecture and Strength: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy Gérard ◽  
Léo Gojon ◽  
Philippe Decleve ◽  
Joachim Van Cant
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Objective To determine the effects of an eccentric hamstrings strength-training program, performed for at least 4 weeks by healthy adults, on muscle architecture and eccentric strength. Data Sources A systematic search was performed up to October 2018 in the following electronic databases: PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus. Combinations of the following search terms were used: eccentric strength training, eccentric loading, nordic hamstring, hamstring strength, fascicle length, pennation angle, muscle thickness, muscle architecture, biceps femoris long head, biceps femoris, and hamstring muscles. Study Selection Included articles were randomized controlled trials that allowed comparisons between isolated eccentric strength training of the biceps femoris muscle and other programs. Data Extraction Data from the included studies were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. These data included the study design, participant characteristics, inclusion and exclusion criteria of clinical studies, exercise and intervention characteristics, outcome measures, and the main results of the study. When meta-analysis was possible, we performed quantitative analysis. Ten randomized controlled trials were included. Data Synthesis Limited to moderate evidence indicated that eccentric strength training was associated with an increase in fascicle length (mean difference [MD] = 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48, 2.46), an increase in muscle thickness (MD = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.13), and a decrease in pennation angle (MD = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.61, 3.11). Conflicted to moderate evidence indicated that eccentric hamstrings strength was increased after eccentric strength training compared with concentric strength training (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.86), usual level of activity (SMD = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.68, 3.77), and static stretching (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI = −0.97, 1.75). Conclusions In healthy adults, an eccentric strength-training program produced architectural adaptations on the long head of the biceps femoris muscle and increased eccentric hamstrings strength.

In vivo Measurement of Fascicle Length and Pennation Angle of the Human Biceps femoris Muscle

2001 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Chleboun ◽  
Antoinette R. France ◽  
Matthew T. Crill ◽  
Holly K. Braddock ◽  
John N. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Semi-automated Tracing of Hamstring Muscle Architecture for B-mode Ultrasound Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Cronin ◽  
Eamonn Delahunt ◽  
Shane Foley ◽  
Giuseppe De Vito ◽  
Conor McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Architectural Characteristics ◽  
Biceps Femoris Long Head ◽  
Automated Tracing

AbstractHamstring strains are the most prevalent injury sustained by field-sport athletes. Insufficiencies in the architectural characteristics of the hamstring muscles can heighten an athlete’s risk of incurring a hamstring strain. To evaluate the influence of hamstring muscle architectural characteristics (i. e., fascicle length, pennation angle, muscle thickness) on injury risk, it is necessary to precisely evaluate these characteristics. Considering this, our aim was to develop and evaluate the precision of a novel semi-automated tracing software to measure the architectural characteristics of the biceps femoris long head (the most commonly injured hamstring muscle) in B-mode ultrasound images. We acquired static sonograms of the biceps femoris long head from ten healthy male field-sport athletes. The architectural characteristics (fascicle length, pennation angle, and muscle thickness) of participants’ biceps femoris long head were evaluated 10 times using the tracing software, with the specific purpose of determining its measurement precision. The tracing software precisely measured the architectural characteristics of the participants’ biceps femoris long head: fascicle length (% CV: 0.64–1.12), pennation angle (% CV: 2.58–10.70), muscle thickness (% CV: 0.48–2.04) Our semi-automated skeletal muscle tracing algorithm precisely measures fascicle length, pennation angles, and muscle thickness of the biceps femoris long head in static B-mode ultrasound images.

scholarly journals Third head of biceps femoris muscle-a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Surajit Ghatak ◽  
Sonali Adole ◽  
Debajani Deka ◽  
Muhamed Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Site ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Long Head ◽  
The Right ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Sometimes variations in biceps femoris may be noticed like an accessory head of biceps femoris. Here during routine cadaveric dissection in the department of anatomy. All India institute of medical sciences, Jodhpur we found a case with an accessory head of biceps femoris in both the lower limbs. The muscle belly is originating from the fibers of long head of biceps femoris and going downward medially to get inserted to the medial condyle of tibia on its medial superior aspect. On the right-side insertion site is like a sheath and on half a way it is merging with medial intermuscular septum of thigh. On the left side insertion is first like a thin sheath and then a thin muscle belly. The muscle belly is thin as compared to the long and short head of the main muscle bellies. On the left side thickness is around 3.7 mm in the upper end and thinner in the lower end while on right side also it is around 3.75 mm. On right side length of muscle belly is around 5 cm and on left side it is around 5.5 cm muscle belly, then becomes a sheath with length around 0.5 mm and then again becomes a muscle belly of around 3.5 cm length. Short head is arising high up on the left side while on right side it is as normal.

scholarly journals Acute Static Stretching Results in Muscle-Specific Alterations amongst the Hamstring Muscles

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Manon Riccetti ◽  
Jules Opplert ◽  
Joao L. Q. Durigan ◽  
Carole Cometti ◽  
Nicolas Babault
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Myotendinous Junction ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Semitendinosus Muscle ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Passive Torque ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Femoris Muscle

This study aimed to explore the acute effects of static stretching on the musculotendinous properties of two hamstring muscles. Twelve male volunteers underwent two testing sessions. One session was dedicated to the evaluation of the semitendinosus muscle before (PRE) and after (POST) static stretching (five sets of 30-s stretching), and the other session similarly explored the long head of biceps femoris muscle. In addition to the displacement of the myotendinous junction (MTJ), passive torque and maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT) were evaluated. MVIT (−8.3 ± 10.2%, p = 0.0036, d = 0.497) and passive torque (−28.4 ± 16.9%, p = 0.0003, d = 1.017) were significantly decreased POST stretching. PRE stretching, MTJ displacement was significantly greater for semitendinosus muscle than biceps femoris muscle (27.0 ± 5.2 vs. 18.6 ± 3.6, p = 0.0011, d = 1.975). After the stretching procedure, greater MTJ displacement relative changes were observed for biceps femoris muscle as compared to semitendinosus muscle (22.4 ± 31.6 vs. −8.4 ± 17.9, p = 0.0167, d = 1.252). Because of the smaller MTJ displacement PRE stretching and greater alteration POST stretching in biceps femoris muscles, the present study demonstrated muscle-specific acute responses of hamstring muscles during stretching. Although stretching acutely impairs torque production, the passive torque reduction and alteration of MTJ displacement might impact hamstring injury prevention.

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