SATURDAY REVIEW, 1 (1856), 99–100. M/H No. 5170.

2020 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Keyword(s):  
Saturday Review

THE CHINESE LANGUAGE IN THE SATURDAY REVIEW: A CASE STUDY IN SINOPHOBIA’S SCHOLARLY ROOTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-444
Author(s):  
Anna Peak
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Ivory Tower ◽  
Complex Thought ◽  
Saturday Review ◽  
Spoken Language Systems

A drastic shift in British perceptions of China took place between the beginning and end of the nineteenth century. Up through the first decades of the nineteenth century, China and its ideals as well as its art and aesthetic were widely admired. Yet by the end of the century, the discourse surrounding China had become very different: no longer were the Chinese admired for their art or their morals; instead, they were castigated as amoral, pitiless, inscrutable liars. Why and how this change took place has not yet been explored in part because scholars have tended to focus on either the beginning of the nineteenth century or the beginning of the twentieth, rather than on the years between these periods. Yet those years saw the rise of sinology, which became established as a field of scholarship in precisely the period (from roughly 1870 to 1901) that has so far been neglected. This scholarship, highly specialized though it might seem (and was), was not confined to the Ivory Tower; it made its way to the educated, upper-middle-class reading public through periodicals. If we look at what British periodicals were teaching their readers about China and the Chinese language during this gap period, we can see – perhaps surprisingly – a concerted and earnest effort being made to avoid assumptions that the Chinese need British help and to avoid pro-Christian judgments, in favor of an attempt to learn the workings of the Chinese language as the first step towards understanding the Chinese on their own terms. What scholars learn and what periodicals teach about the Chinese language, however, leads these very same would-be enlightened people, in the end, to see the Chinese as cunning children incapable of complex thought or basic feeling, and therefore incapable of progress or morality. In other words, the increasing British prejudice against the Chinese originated to an important degree in the work of the first scholars of sinology, rather than in the fears of the ignorant or the culturally-marginalized. Examining this process challenges a paradigm dominant in postcolonial studies, in which modern scholars decry the supremacy of Western systems while problematically replicating a narrative in which the concept of Western systemic supremacy is not challenged and the existence of non-Western systems is not acknowledged. In the case of China, the complexity of its written and spoken language systems helped frustrate Western efforts at colonization, and this systemic resistance to Western domination was constructed by Western scholars in such a way as to create and justify sinophobia.

Reinvention

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Harrington Watt
Keyword(s):  
Talcott Parsons ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Congressional Hearings ◽  
The Third ◽  
Saturday Review

This chapter studies the developments that set the stage for the reinvention of fundamentalism. It examines three texts that illustrate the uses to which fundamentalism was put during that time. The first is a brief article, Martin Marty's “Fundamentalism Reborn,” that appeared in the Saturday Review in the spring of 1980. It used the ideas of Talcott Parsons to comment on the dangers inherent in the rise of global fundamentalism. The second text, Holy Terror (1982), was written by two journalists, Flo Conway and Jim Siegelman. The book attempted to demonstrate that fundamentalists all over the globe are engaged in systematic campaigns against freedom, justice, progress, and democracy. The third text, “Islamic Fundamentalism and Islamic Radicalism,” is a transcript of congressional hearings that took place in the summer of 1985.

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