The Nature of Agricultural Society

The speeches and articles of Amílcar Cabral represent an attempt to think of imperialism and the colonial relationship in a new way. His published works sought to explain how a subsistence agricultural society was being transformed under the abnormal conditions attendant upon colonial domination. Superficially, Cabral does not present any new or particularly complex interpretation of colonialism. With the exception of a few rather brief essays, most of his work is a description of a guerrilla war fought against the last of the great colonial powers. Yet the appearance of the terms ‘mode of production’ and ‘productive forces’ indicates that his understanding of imperialism is founded on a new set of presuppositions. Cabral used these terms before they became common among the ranks of the ‘advanced left’, and at a time when the concept of the mode of production was essentially a possession of Soviet Marxism. In the early 1960s, Soviet visions of the ‘Asiatic Mode of Production’ were achieving much the same effect as modernisation theory in the West. That most of Cabral's important essays were written at this time only emphasises the innovativeness of his work.

Download Full-text

Honey bee mortalities caused by direct and indirect poisoning in Hungary

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/73/1634 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 101-107

Author(s):

Marianna Takács ◽

János Oláh

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Honey Bees ◽

Agricultural Society ◽

Chemical Residues ◽

Pollinating Insects ◽

The Times

Bee poisoning related top lant production shows an increasing tendency. The poisoning of honey bees most of the times is caused by neonikotinoids and insecticides. The bee pasture has imparied because of the too high bee-density,therefore the beekeepers had to locate their colonies near to the farmland. The pollinating insects experience dimmesurable damages because the ignorance of the agricultural society and the lack of communication. In cases of bee poisoning sometimes it can be intentional. The samples of direct bee-destruction show higher dose of chemical residues than the amount of which they can get during the pollinating activity. In our study we also demonstrate the direct bee poisoning which is caused by endosulfan and dichlorvos.

Download Full-text

The position of the individual gods and goddesses in various types of sources - with special reference to the female divinities

Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis ◽

10.30674/scripta.67181 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 294-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Else Mundal

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Special Reference ◽

Patriarchal Family ◽

Agricultural Society ◽

Literary Sources ◽

The Individual ◽

Written Sources

In the written sources the gods are arranged in a patriarchal family structure with Odin on the top. If we try to rank the gods in order of precedence on the basis of the number of instances in the toponymic material, Odin would be found a good way down the list. Generally, we should expect gods connected with the cult of fertility and the agricultural society to be overrepresented in the toponymic material in comparison with a god of war. If we consider our literary sources and ask which of the goddesses' names are most frequently used as basic words in kenningar for women, we see that many of the more "unknown" goddesses are very well represented in this material. In the toponymic material, it was the leading goddess who was considered to be the leading god's wife, but not necessarily. Both Frigg and Freyja belong to the type of fertility goddess.

Download Full-text