Exclusion de la synagogue et construction de l’identité croyante dans les communautés johanniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-393
Author(s):  
Jean Zumstein
Keyword(s):  

Même si son déroulement historique exact demeure une énigme, l’exclusion des communautés johanniques de la synagogue a été un accélérateur décisif dans la construction de leur identité croyante. Ce processus peut être décrit d’un double point de vue. Premièrement, il s’effectue à travers une transformation du rapport à la tradition juive. Si l’autorité de la Bible hébraïque n’est pas mise en question, en revanche, les marqueurs identitaires du judaïsme synagogal (le Temple, les prescriptions de pureté rituelle, l’observance du sabbat, la circoncision) sont l’objet d’une profonde réinterprétation, voire d’une abrogation. Deuxièmement, cette redéfinition du rapport à la tradition vétérotestamentaire-juive s’accompagne de l’apparition de nouveaux marqueurs identitaires que sont, par exemple, le baptême et l’eucharistie. À quoi il faut ajouter la naissance d’une école théologique et d’un corpus d’écrits ayant rang d’Écriture, d’une nouvelle définition de l’apostolat, de la création de nouvelles formes d’organisation ecclésiales.

Author(s):  
Lin He ◽  
Peixia Li ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
...  

A new cross double point discharge (CrossPD) microplasma was designed as an excitation source to construct a miniaturized optical emission spectrometer with hydride generation (HG) for sample introduction. The CrossPD...


Author(s):  
J. A. Schaaf ◽  
J. A. Lammers

Abstract In this paper we develop a method of characterizing the center-point curves for planar four-position synthesis. We predict the five characteristic shapes of the center-point curve using the kinematic classification of the compatibility linkage obtained from a complex number formulation for planar four-position synthesis. This classification scheme is more extensive than the conventional Grashof and non-Grashof classifications in that the separate classes of change point compatibility linkages are also included. A non-Grashof compatibility linkage generates a unicursal form of the center-point curve; a Grashof compatibility linkage generates a bicursal form; a single change point compatibility linkage generates a double point form; and a double or triple change point compatibility linkage generates a circular-degenerate or a hyperbolic-degenerate form.


2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabino Pacheco ◽  
Isabel Gómez ◽  
Jorge Sánchez ◽  
Blanca-Ines García-Gómez ◽  
Mario Soberón ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis three-domain Cry toxins kill insects by forming pores in the apical membrane of larval midgut cells. Oligomerization of the toxin is an important step for pore formation. Domain I helix α-3 participates in toxin oligomerization. Here we identify an intramolecular salt bridge within helix α-3 of Cry4Ba (D111-K115) that is conserved in many members of the family of three-domain Cry toxins. Single point mutations such as D111K or K115D resulted in proteins severely affected in toxicity. These mutants were also altered in oligomerization, and the mutant K115D was more sensitive to protease digestion. The double point mutant with reversed charges, D111K-K115D, recovered both oligomerization and toxicity, suggesting that this salt bridge is highly important for conservation of the structure of helix α-3 and necessary to promote the correct oligomerization of the toxin. IMPORTANCE Domain I has been shown to be involved in oligomerization through helix α-3 in different Cry toxins, and mutations affecting oligomerization also elicit changes in toxicity. The three-dimensional structure of the Cry4Ba toxin reveals an intramolecular salt bridge in helix α-3 of domain I. Mutations that disrupt this salt bridge resulted in changes in Cry4Ba oligomerization and toxicity, while a double point reciprocal mutation that restored the salt bridge resulted in recovery of toxin oligomerization and toxicity. These data highlight the role of oligomer formation as a key step in Cry4Ba toxicity.


Physica ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Th.A.M. de Waele ◽  
C.P.M. Vergouwen ◽  
A.A.J. Matsinger ◽  
R. de Bruyn Ouboter

1931 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Babbage

1. A locus Vn, of dimension n, in [2n + 1], for example a curve in [3] or a surface in [5], has ∞ 2n chords, of which a finite number pass through a general point of the space.


2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 2363-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengnan Li ◽  
Xinyi Qiu ◽  
Changping Li ◽  
Qiulin Niu ◽  
Anhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

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