PG - 64: Evaluation of Reliability and Validity of Occlusal Caries Detection by Direct Visual, Indirect Visual and Fluorescence Camera using Icdas Ii (Code 0, 1, 2) - An In Vivo Study

Background: Pit and fissure caries presents diagnostic challenges due to its anatomical complexity and fluoride exposure. ICDAS II is a coding system for caries detection using clinical visual inspection. It identifies carious lesions by the change in colour, texture and surface integrity. Magnification might facilitate better detection of the lesions by enhancing the visual acuity. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare the reliability and validity of ICDAS II in detection of occlusal caries, with and without magnification, by using histological standard.Methods: This single blinded, randomized study included 334 unrestored extracted human premolars and molars. Two examiners independently scored pit and fissure caries status using ICDAS II criteria without magnification and later under 6 x magnification using surgical microscope. The samples were sectioned and lesions were scored using the ERK histological criteria, under Stereo microscope. The scores of the examiners were correlated with the histological scoring. Kappa statistics and Spearman correlation coefficients were performed. Optimal sensitivity, specificity of visual and enhanced visual examination was calculated by Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). Likelihood ratios (LR) were also calculated. Results: The kappa values for Inter examiner reproducibility of visual and enhanced visual examination under microscope were 0.638-0.694 and for histological examination it was 0.979. Intra examiner reproducibility for visual and enhanced visual examination was 0.665 – 0.594. There was a strong relationship between visual, enhanced visual and histological examinations. Spearman’s correlation coefficient of ICDAS-II visual and enhanced visual examination for each examiner, to ERK histological scores was 0.869-0.848. The sensitivity and LR+ for visual and enhanced visual examination was decreased as the ICDAS score was increased and specificity and LR- increased with increased ICDAS score.Conclusions: Reliability and validity of ICDAS scoring in detecting occlusal caries under magnification did not differ from clinical visual inspection.

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Effectiveness of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System II and its e-learning program to freshman dental students on occlusal caries detection

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.143631 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 08 (04) ◽

pp. 493-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hatem M. El-Damanhoury ◽

Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ◽

Manal A. Awad

Keyword(s):

Dental Students ◽

Assessment System ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Learning Program ◽

Occlusal Caries ◽

Occlusal Caries Detection ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Icdas Ii ◽

Significant Difference ◽

E Learning

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the feasibility of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II and its e-learning program as tools for occlusal caries detection to freshmen dental students in comparison to dental graduates with 2 years of experience. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four freshmen and 32 dental graduates examined occlusal surfaces of molars/premolars (n = 72) after a lecture and a hands-on workshop. The same procedure was repeated after 1 month following the training with ICDAS II e-learning program. Validation of ICDAS II codes was done histologically. Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of ICDAS II severity scores were assessed before and after e-learning using (Fleiss's kappa). Results: The kappa values showed inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.53 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.70 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by undergraduates and 0.69 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.95 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by graduates. The inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.64 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.89 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3). No statistically significant difference was found between both groups in intra-examiner agreements for assessing ICDAS II codes. A high statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) in correct identification of codes 1, 2, and 4 from before to after e-learning were observed in both groups. The bias indices for the undergraduate group were higher than those of the graduate group. Conclusions: Early exposure of students to ICDAS II is a valuable method of teaching caries detection and its e-learning program significantly improves their caries diagnostic skills.

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Automated Caries Detection using a 3D Intraoral Scanner. An in Vivo Validation Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-590542/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stavroula Michou ◽

Mathias S. Lambach ◽

Panagiotis Ntovas ◽

Ana R. Benetti ◽

Azam Bakhshandeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Visual Examination ◽

Occlusal Caries ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Occlusal Caries Detection

Abstract The use of 3D intraoral scanners (IOS) and software that can support automated detection and objective monitoring of oral diseases such as caries, tooth wear or periodontal diseases is increasingly receiving attention from researchers and industry. This study clinically validates an automated caries scoring system for occlusal caries detection and classification, previously developed for an IOS system featuring fluorescence (TRIOS 4, 3Shape TRIOS A/S, Denmark). Four algorithms (ALG1, ALG2, ALG3, ALG4) are assessed for the IOS; the first three are based only on fluorescence information, while ALG4 also takes into account the tooth color information. The diagnostic performance of these automated algorithms is compared with the diagnostic performance of the clinical visual examination, while histological assessment is used as reference. Additionally, possible differences between in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance of the IOS system are investigated. The algorithms show comparable in vivo diagnostic performance to the visual examination. Only minor differences between their in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance are noted. This novel IOS system exhibits encouraging performance for clinical application on occlusal caries detection and classification. Different approaches can be investigated for possible optimization of the system.

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Erratum to In vivo evaluation of laser fluorescence performance using different cut-off limits for occlusal caries detection

Lasers in Medical Science ◽

10.1007/s10103-008-0601-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 461-461

Author(s):

Michele Baffi Diniz ◽

Jonas de Almeida Rodrigues ◽

Andréia Bolzan de Paula ◽

Rita de Cássia Loiola Cordeiro

Keyword(s):

Laser Fluorescence ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Occlusal Caries ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Occlusal Caries Detection

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In vivo comparison of laser fluorescence measurements with conventional methods for occlusal caries detection

Lasers in Medical Science ◽

10.1007/s10103-007-0486-2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 307-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Meryem Toraman Alkurt ◽

Ilkay Peker ◽

Hacer Deniz Arisu ◽

Oya Bala ◽

Bülent Altunkaynak

Keyword(s):

Laser Fluorescence ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Occlusal Caries ◽

Fluorescence Measurements ◽

Occlusal Caries Detection ◽

Conventional Methods

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Automated caries detection in vivo using a 3D intraoral scanner

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00259-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stavroula Michou ◽

Mathias S. Lambach ◽

Panagiotis Ntovas ◽

Ana R. Benetti ◽

Azam Bakhshandeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Visual Examination ◽

Occlusal Caries ◽

Occlusal Caries Detection ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractThe use of 3D intraoral scanners (IOS) and software that can support automated detection and objective monitoring of oral diseases such as caries, tooth wear or periodontal diseases, is increasingly receiving attention from researchers and industry. This study clinically validates an automated caries scoring system for occlusal caries detection and classification, previously defined for an IOS system featuring fluorescence (TRIOS 4, 3Shape TRIOS A/S, Denmark). Four algorithms (ALG1, ALG2, ALG3, ALG4) are assessed for the IOS; the first three are based only on fluorescence information, while ALG4 also takes into account the tooth color information. The diagnostic performance of these automated algorithms is compared with the diagnostic performance of the clinical visual examination, while histological assessment is used as reference. Additionally, possible differences between in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance of the IOS system are investigated. The algorithms show comparable in vivo diagnostic performance to the visual examination with no significant difference in the area under the ROC curves ($$p>0.05$$ p > 0.05 ). Only minor differences between their in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance are noted but no significant differences in the area under the ROC curves, ($$p>0.05$$ p > 0.05 ). This novel IOS system exhibits encouraging performance for clinical application on occlusal caries detection and classification. Different approaches can be investigated for possible optimization of the system.

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