Stretch Reflex of the Muscle in the Lower Extremities of Spinal Lesion, SMON Disease and Hemiplegia

1969 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
W. Yamada ◽  
K. Maeda ◽  
T. Akiyama
Author(s):  
E. Kajtaz ◽  
L. R. Montgomery ◽  
S. McMurtry ◽  
D. R. Howland ◽  
T. Richard Nichols
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Hart C.M. Cohen ◽  
William S. Tucker

ABSTRACT:This paper describes four patients with thoracic spinal lesions in whom the initial clinical presentation was highlighted by complaints in the lower back and lower extremities, in the absence of thoracic spinal or radicular symptoms. Initial myelography, confined to the lumbar region, failed to reveal a cause for the patients’ symptoms. Subsequently, diagnostic consideration of a thoracic spinal lesion prompted repeat myelography of the thoracic region which demonstrated a relevant lesion in each case. It is important to visualize the thoracic cord when myelography is performed for the investigation of pain or neurological symptoms in the lower back or lower extremities.


1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Nielsen ◽  
T Sinkjær

Clinical evaluation of spasticity was performed in lower extremities in 35 ambulatory multiple sclerosis patients and compared with the soleus stretch reflex and the Hoffman reflex. There was no relation between the muscle tone score of dorsiflexion of the foot and the biomechanicall electrophysiological parameters. In contrast, the Achilles tendon reflex score was significantly related to the amplitude (p=0.411, P<0.05) and the slope of the stretch reflex (p=0.523, P<0.01). The clinical examination at the ankle joint revealed 33% normal reflex examinations but only 7% normal muscle tone examinations. In contrast, the number of normal examinations of patellar reflex and muscle tone at the knee joint were similar. It is concluded that the muscle tone score overestimates the amount of spasticity because of changes in the non-reflex properties of the spastic extremity and that a reflex score should be used as a clinical measure of spasticity. In addition, biomechanicallelectrophysiological evaluation of spasticity at the ankle joint relates to the over-all total muscle tone and reflex scores of lower extremities in this group of MS patients.


2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Jay Blaisdell

Abstract Physicians use a variety of methodologies within the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, to rate nerve injuries depending on the type of injury and location of the nerve. Traumatic injuries that cause impairment to the peripheral or brachial plexus nerves are rated using Section 15.4e, Peripheral Nerve and Brachial Plexus Impairment, for upper extremities and Section 16.4c, Peripheral Nerve Rating Process, for lower extremities. Verifiable nerve lesions that incite the symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome, type II (similar to the former concept of causalgia), also are rated in these sections. Nerve entrapments, which are not isolated traumatic events, are rated using the methodology in Section 15.4f, Entrapment Neuropathy. Type I complex regional pain syndrome is rated using Section 15.5, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome for upper extremities or Section 16.5, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome for lower extremities. The method for grading the sensory and motor deficits is analogous to the method described in previous editions of AMA Guides. Rating the permanent impairment of the peripheral nerves or brachial plexus is similar to the methodology used in the diagnosis-based impairment scheme with the exceptions that the physical examination grade modifier is never used to adjust the default rating and the names of individual nerves or plexus trunks, as opposed to the names of diagnoses, appear in the far left column of the rating grids.


2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Bo Han ◽  
Jung Yong Ahn ◽  
Young Sun Chung ◽  
Sang Sup Chung

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