Garvey Must Go

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-96
Author(s):  
D'Weston Haywood
Keyword(s):  
Black Male ◽  
Black Press ◽  
The Other ◽  
Black Leader ◽  
New Negro ◽  
Universal Negro Improvement Association ◽  
Marcus Garvey ◽  
Male Leadership

This chapter reinterprets the New Negro era as an intense moment of jockeying for racial leadership among certain black male leaders and black male publishers in Harlem. This chapter argues that when Marcus Garvey arrived in Harlem to build his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), he stepped into a crucible of New Negro thought, organizing, and publications with competing visions for racial advancement. The UNIA’s businesses and paper, the Negro World, helped make Garvey the premier black leader of his day. But debates about his ideas among many black leaders quickly led to a public war of words between Garvey and critics in which they strove to use their papers to destroy the leadership of the other. Garvey used the Negro World to perform a rhetorical emasculation of critics. Garvey’s critics retaliated with the “Garvey Must Go” campaign. It not only laid bare a contentious battle in print among rival black male leaders, but also the influence the black press now had to elevate and/or destroy black male leadership.

Enter the “New Crowd” Journalists

Race News ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Harlem Renaissance ◽  
Racial Politics ◽  
Black Press ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
New Negro ◽  
New Negro Movement ◽  
Conservative Politics ◽  
Marcus Garvey ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
News Events

The militant racial politics of the alternative black press and modernist sensibilities of the Harlem Renaissance seeped into the commercial black press in the 1920s as journalists reprinted and debated editorials, covered news events, and nurtured diverse professional relationships. The radical editors of the New Negro Movement – including Cyril Briggs, Marcus Garvey, Hubert Harrison, A. Philip Randolph – denounced capitalism and imperialism and promoted Pan-Africanism. Commercial newspapers normalized literary writers' modernist perspective by serving as an arena for contesting the conservative politics of respectability, as illustrated by George Schuyler’s columns. Many publishers reinforced this change in newswriting by shifting to tabloid sensationalism, the era's defining journalistic mode.

“The Language of Freedom”

2019 ◽  
pp. 168-181
Author(s):  
Keisha N. Blain
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Press ◽  
New Negro ◽  
Universal Negro Improvement Association ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds

This chapter explores the political ideas of women in Garveyism, based on their writings in several global black newspapes of the 1940s, including the African: Journal of African Affairs and the New Negro World. It shows how women in the Universal Negro Improvement Association, from diverse backgrounds and writing from various locales, promoted a global black liberationist vision and added distinctive voices to discourses surrounding pan-Africanism. Maintaining cultural and racial bonds with Africans throughout the African diaspora, these women skillfully used the black press—on local, national, and international levels—to endorse anticolonial politics, challenge global white supremacy, and counter negative images and stereotypical depictions of African history and culture. Yet, while committed to that mission, these black women also embraced imperialist, civilizationist, and patriarchal views that promoted some of the same ideals they rejected. Examining the largely overlooked writings of Garveyite women (such as Amy Jacques Garvey and her involvement in the Fifth Pan-African Congress) in the United States and other parts of the globe captures the richness and complexities of black nationalist women’s ideas and activism during the twentieth century.

“He Is Psychotic and Always Will Be”

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-189
Author(s):  
Martin Summers
Keyword(s):  
Black Male ◽  
White Male ◽  
Clinical Encounter ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Female ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Somatic Therapies

This chapter continues an examination of the superintendency of William Alanson White but offers a more granular discussion of how ideas about racial difference shaped the clinical encounter in the era of dynamic psychiatry. Specifically, it looks at how Saint Elizabeths’ staff applied particular somatic “therapies”—including seclusion, restraint, and hydrotherapy—to black female, white female, black male, and white male patients. It also argues that the clinical staff’s limited psychotherapeutic engagement with African American patients was further undermined by two things. One was the psychiatrists’ assumptions about the inaccessibility of the black psyche—either because of the absolute cultural foreignness or natural duplicity of African Americans. The other was their tendency to prioritize black patients’ rehabilitation as laborers. Finally, the chapter looks at the quotidian ways that patients exerted their agency in the clinical encounter by resisting medical surveillance and institutional management.

The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers. Vol. III; Vol. IV

1987 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
William H. Harris ◽  
Robert A. Hill ◽  
Emory J. Tolbert ◽  
Deborah Forczek
Keyword(s):  
Universal Negro Improvement Association ◽  
Marcus Garvey
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document