Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene volcanic history of the Utsukushigahara Plateau and adjacent areas, Central Japan

Sites recording the extinction or extirpation of tropical–subtropical and cool–cold temperate rainforest genera during the Plio–Pleistocene aridification of Australia are scattered across the continent, with most preserving only partial records from either the Pliocene or Pleistocene. The highland Lake George basin is unique in accumulating sediment over c. 4 Ma although interpretation of the plant microfossil record is complicated by its size (950km2), neotectonic activity and fluctuating water levels. A comparison of this and other sites confirms (1) the extinction of rainforest at Lake George was part of the retreat of Nothofagus-gymnosperm communities across Australia during the Plio–Pleistocene; (2) communities of warm- and cool-adapted rainforest genera growing under moderately warm-wet conditions in the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene have no modern analogues; (3) the final extirpation of rainforest taxa at Lake George occurred during the Middle Pleistocene; and (4) the role of local wildfires is unresolved although topography, and, elsewhere, possibly edaphic factors allowed temperate rainforest genera to persist long after these taxa became extinct or extirpated at low elevations across much of eastern Australia. Araucaria, which is now restricted to the subtropics–tropics in Australia, appears to have survived into Middle Pleistocene time at Lake George, although the reason remains unclear.

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RECONSTRUCTING LATE PLIOCENE THROUGH EARLY PLEISTOCENE ANCESTRAL RIVER DRAINAGE BASINS IN THE INTERIOR LOW PLATEAU AND APPALACHIANS KARST REGIONS TO UNDERSTAND THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF TYPHLICHTHYS SUBTERRANEUS (PERCOPSIFORMES: AMBLYOPSIDAE)

10.1130/abs/2018se-313063 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Annette Summers Engel ◽

◽

Matthew L. Niemiller ◽

Kirk S. Zigler ◽

Breanne N. Ayala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

Drainage Basins ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

River Drainage ◽

History Of ◽

Typhlichthys Subterraneus

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New Chronological Constraints from Hypogean Deposits for Late Pliocene to Recent Morphotectonic History of the Alpi Apuane (NW Tuscany, Italy)

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11020065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Ilaria Isola ◽

Francesco Mazzarini ◽

Giancarlo Molli ◽

Leonardo Piccini ◽

Elena Zanella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiometric Dating ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

Mountain Ranges ◽

Fluvial Deposits ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Base Level ◽

Cave System ◽

Cave Sediments ◽

History Of

A sedimentary sequence of fluvial deposits preserved in the Corchia Cave (Alpi Apuane) provides new chronological constraints for the evolution of the cave system and the timing and rate of uplift of this sector of the Alpi Apuane since the late Pliocene. Supported by magnetostratigraphic analysis performed on fine-grained fluvial deposits, and by radiometric dating of speleothems, we suggest that the deposition of fluvial sediments occurred between ~1.6–1.2 Ma. This implies that the host volume of rock was already located close to the local base level, adding key information about the recent tectonic evolution of the Alpi Apuane. A few before ~1 Ma, an erosive phase occurred due to the base-level lowering, followed by continuous speleothem deposition since at least 0.97 Ma. From that time, Monte Corchia uplifted at a maximum rate of ~0.5 mm/year, which is consistent with isostatic uplift mainly driven by erosional unloading. The petrographical study of the fluvial deposits highlights the presence of material derived from the erosion of rocks that today are absent in the cave’s catchment area, suggesting a different surface morphology during the Early Pleistocene. This study highlights the potential of cave sediments as archives for reconstructing the uplift history of mountain ranges.

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The Kvabebi Canidae record revisited (late Pliocene, Sighnaghi, eastern Georgia)

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2017.73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 1258-1271 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lorenzo Rook ◽

Saverio Bartolini Lucenti ◽

Maia Bukhsianidze ◽

David Lordkipanidze

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Niche Partitioning ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

Raccoon Dog ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

Early Pliocene ◽

First Occurrence ◽

History Of

AbstractUnlike the Asian and North American Pliocene record, fossil occurrences of Canidae in Europe (and Africa) are uncommon and fragmentary. The revision of canid material from the late Pliocene site of Kvabebi (eastern Georgia) revealed the contemporaneous occurrence of three different taxa: (1)Nyctereutes megamastoides(a derived species of the Eurasian Pliocene raccoon dog-like canids); (2)Vulpescf.V.alopecoides(representing the first occurrence of a member of the vulpine taxonV.alopecoides, a species that was the most widespread fox in the early Pleistocene in western Europe); and (3)Eucyonsp. The latter occurrence at Kvabebi completes our knowledge of the late Pliocene evolutionary history of the latest representatives of the genus in Western Europe and Central Asia. Our revision of Kvabebi canids registers a previously undocumented case of established niche partitioning among early Pliocene sympatric Canidae.

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Volcanic history of the middle Pleistocene Older Ontake Volcano, Central Japan-Inferences from tephrostratigraphy and petrography-

The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan ◽

10.5575/geosoc.110.158 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 110 (3) ◽

pp. 158-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Takeshita

Keyword(s):

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Central Japan ◽

Ontake Volcano ◽

Volcanic History ◽

History Of

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The timing of fjord formation and early glaciations in North and Northeast Greenland

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10880 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vivi Kathrine Pedersen ◽

Nicolaj Krog Larsen ◽

David Lundbek Egholm

Keyword(s):

Late Miocene ◽

Ice Sheet ◽

Greenland Ice Sheet ◽

Early History ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

Isostatic Uplift ◽

History Of ◽

Erosional Unloading ◽

North Greenland

The timing and extent of early glaciations in Greenland, and their co-evolution with the underlying landscape remain elusive. In this study, we explore the timing of fjord erosion in Northeast and North Greenland between Scoresby Sund (70&#176;N) and Independence Fjord (82&#176;N). By determining the timing of fjord formation, we can improve our understanding of the early history of the Greenland Ice Sheet in these regions.We use the concept of geophysical relief to estimate fjord erosion and calculate the subsequent flexural isostatic response to erosional unloading. The timing of erosion and isostatic uplift is constrained by marine sediments of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene age that are now exposed on land between ~24 and 230 m a.s.l.We find that the northern Independence Fjord system must have formed by glacial erosion at average rates of ~0.5-1 mm/yr since ~2.5 Ma, in order to explain the current elevation of the marine Kap K&#248;benhavn Formation by erosion-induced isostatic uplift. In contrast, fjord formation in the outer parts of southward Scoresby Sund commenced before the Pleistocene, most likely in late Miocene, and continued throughout the Pleistocene by fjord formation progressing inland. Our results suggest that the inception of the Greenland Ice Sheet began in the central parts of Northeast Greenland before the Pleistocene and spread to North Greenland only at the onset of the Pleistocene. &#160;

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The timing of fjord formation and early glaciations in North and Northeast Greenland

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12959 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vivi Kathrine Pedersen ◽

Nicolaj Krog Larsen ◽

David Lundbek Egholm

Keyword(s):

Ice Sheet ◽

Greenland Ice Sheet ◽

Early History ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

East Greenland ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

Isostatic Uplift ◽

History Of ◽

Erosional Unloading ◽

North Greenland

The timing and extent of early glaciations in Greenland, and their co-evolution with the underlying landscape remain elusive. In this study, we explore the timing of fjord formation in Northeast and North Greenland, between Scoresby Sund (70&#176;N) and Independence Fjord (82&#176;N). By determining the timing of fjord formation, we can improve our understanding of the early history of the Greenland Ice Sheet in these regions. We use the concept of geophysical relief to estimate fjord erosion volumes and calculate the subsequent flexural isostatic response to erosional unloading. The timing of erosion and isostatic uplift is constrained by marine sediments of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene age that are now exposed on land between ~24 and 230 m a.s.l. The late Pliocene-early Pleistocene sediments themselves attest to a time of limited ice cover in Greenland, with temperatures as much as 6-8 &#176;C higher than present (e.g. Bennike et al., 2010).We find that the northern Independence Fjord system must have formed by glacial erosion since the deposition of the marine late Pliocene-early Pleistocene sediments at ~2.5 Ma, in order to explain the current elevation of the sediments by erosion-induced isostatic uplift. In contrast, fjord formation in the outer parts of southward Scoresby Sund commenced prior to the Pleistocene, most likely in late Miocene, and continued throughout the Pleistocene with fjord formation progressing inland. Our results suggest that the inception of the Greenland Ice Sheet began in the central parts of Northeast Greenland before the Pleistocene and spread to North Greenland only at the onset of the Pleistocene.&#160;References:Bennike, O., Knudsen, K.L., Abrahamsen, N., B&#246;cher, J., Cremer, H., and Wagner, B., 2010, Early Pleistocene sediments on Store Koldewey, north&#173;east Greenland: Boreas v. 39, p. 603&#8211;619, https://doi.org /10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00147.x.

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