ALK-1 Protein Expression and ALK Gene Rearrangements Aid in the Diagnosis of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors of the Female Genital Tract

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil E. Fuehrer ◽  
Gary L. Keeney ◽  
Rhett P. Ketterling ◽  
Ryan A. Knudson ◽  
Debra A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Gene Rearrangements ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors ◽  
Female Genital

Context.—Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a predominantly benign, spindle cell, mesenchymal neoplasm with myxoid areas that occurs rarely in the female genital tract and may be confused with other spindle cell lesions, particularly leiomyosarcoma. Objective.—To investigate the utility of detecting anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 protein expression and ALK gene rearrangements in the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in the female genital tract. Design.—Eight inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors arising in the female genital tract and seen in consultation (from 2004 to 2011) were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 and fluorescence in-situ hybridization studies for ALK gene rearrangements were performed. Results.—The anatomic sites included myometrium (4 cases) and endometrium, fallopian tube, cervix, and a cervical polyp (1 each), with a patient age range from 25 to 52 years. Histologic features ranged from bland spindle cells to striking cytologic atypia, embedded in a prominent myxoid background. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 immunohistochemistry was positive in 7 cases. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization studies detected ALK gene rearrangements in 5 cases. Five cases had both immunopositivity and fluorescence in-situ hybridization abnormalities, 2 cases had immunopositivity only, and 1 case was negative by both methods. Conclusions.—This is the first report, to our knowledge, of ALK gene rearrangements in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in the female genital tract. If a myxoid background is appreciated in a spindle cell lesion of the female genital tract, especially if inflammatory cells are present, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 staining along with fluorescence in situ hybridization studies, for ALK gene rearrangements, may aid in distinguishing inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors from their malignant mimics.

Identification of Female Cells in Postcoital Penile Swabs Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 1080-1082
Author(s):  
Kim A. Collins ◽  
Stephen J. Cina ◽  
Mark J. Pettenati ◽  
Matthew Fitts
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Male Participant ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Laboratory Evidence ◽  
Penile Swabs ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Traditionally, the finding of semen, that is, spermatozoa and acid phosphatase, in cervicovaginal specimens has been considered the laboratory evidence needed to prove recent sexual contact. Recent research with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has shown that in the absence of semen, male epithelial and inflammatory cells can be found within the female genital tract. A striking paucity of literature exists pertaining to the examination of the penis of an alleged assailant for potential evidence indicative of sexual assault. The current study uses FISH to analyzepostcoital swabs of the penis for such laboratory evidence. A male and female volunteer couple consented to participate in this study. Following coitus, the male partner presented to one of the investigators for penile swabbing. Swabs were taken at varying postcoital intervals (1–24 hours) subsequent to 10 coital episodes. The male participant was instructed not to shower following coitus, but to otherwise go about daily activities until specimen collection. To obtain each sample, 4 sterile cotton-tipped applicators were slightly moistened in sterile saline and swabbed along the length of the penile shaft and around the base of the penis. From the swabs, 3 air-dried slides were prepared, coded, and blinded. As controls, swabs were taken from the buccal surfaces of both volunteers. Multicolor FISH was performed using dual X- and Y-chromosome probes, and slides were counterstained with 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Cells were easily visualized under a fluorescent microscope, but only cells with 2 nonoverlapping fluorescent signals were counted. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is highly sensitive and specific, and the dual probes easily distinguished between male and female cells. Female cells were identified on smears from every penile swab over the entire 1- to 24-hour postcoital interval. The FISH technique, previously successful in identifying male cells within the female genital tract, may also be employed on penile swabs. Once the presence of female cells is confirmed by FISH, the identity of the female can be confirmed by DNA analysis. Potentially, with such current molecular analyses, both the assailant and the victim can be positively identified.

Study of multiple human papillomavirus-related lesions of the lower female genital tract by in situ hybridization

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Pilotti ◽  
Jean Gupta ◽  
Bernardina Stefanon ◽  
Giuseppe De Palo ◽  
Keerti V. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiological study of microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion gene using immunohistochemistry as a cost effective alternative to fluorescence in situ hybridization for Indian patients with adenocarcinoma lung

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 045-049
Author(s):  
Anurag Mehta ◽  
Ullas Batra
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gene Fusions ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

Abstract Background: With fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as the main-stay for the detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements, the ALK Break Apart FISH Probe Kit has become a Food and Drug Association-approved companion diagnostic for targeted therapy with the ALK inhibitor crizotinib in lung cancers. The objective of this molecular epidemiological study was to estimate the prevalence of microtubule-associated protein-like 4-ALK (EML4-ALK) fusion gene using immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a cost effective alternative to FISH for Indian patients with nonsmall-cell cancer (NSCC)-adenocarcinoma, favor adenocarcinoma lung and NSCC- Not otherwise specified (NOS). Materials and Methods: Patients with NSCC-adenocarcinoma, favor adenocarcinoma lung, and nonsmall cell lung cancer-NOS histology were considered for this study. Permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee before the start of the study. Clinical characteristics and treatment details were collected from the patient's medical records. IHC analysis was performed using a Ventana automated immunostainer (Benchmark XT). Detection was performed using OptiView DAB Detection and Amplification Kit. Results: A total of 200 NSCC-adenocarcinoma, favour adenocarcinoma and NSCC-NOS patients were included in the study. There were 122 (61%) men and 78 (39%) women with a median age of 57 years. Of the 200 patients, 43 (21.5%) were nonsmokers and 175 (87.5%) had Stage-IV disease at the time of initial diagnosis. 48 (24%) cases were positive for epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, whereas EML4-ALK fusion gene was present in 27 (13.5%) patients. 25 of the 27 patients with ALK positivity received crizotinib therapy. Conclusions: The incidence of EML4-ALK gene fusions (13.5%) in this Indian population is four-fold high than the previous reported incidences and supports the claim of several recent studies that a relatively new ALK clone, 5A4, and D5F3 from Leica/Novocastra and cell signaling technology/Ventana, respectively can accurately identify ALK rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. The inclusion of IHC for the detection of EML4-ALK gene fusions as a low cost alternative seems justified in low resource setting.

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