miR-12 Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerates the Development of Human Papillomavirus by Up-Regulating AN1

The miRNA derived from Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have crucial effects on tumors. The tumor could be affected by the abnormal expression of miRNA in human papillomavirus (HPV). Our study aimed to identify the potential brand-new biomarker in order to reveal the pathogenesis of HPV. miRNA derived from BMSCs was detected and identified. The action of miR-12 on biological behavior of HPV was detected. The level of AN1 protein was detected by Western-blot and IHC method. The relationship between miR-12 and AN1 was assessed by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay. The tumor cell biological behaviors were evaluated by manipulating miR12 and AN1 level. The tumor volume derived from BMSCs was diminished significantly compared with normal tissues. The tumor volume was bigger after combined injection with Hela cell and miR-12 compared with single injection. The cell proliferative and invasive ability was strengthened after transfection with miR-12mimics. The cell invasive ability was reduced significantly after transfection of si-miR-12. AN1 was a target gene of miR-12 as confirmed by the analysis on bioinformatics and luciferase activity. The phenotype was reversed after the silent presentation of AN1 was disturbed. In conclusion, miR-12 expression is elevated in HPV cells and affects HPV cells through targeting the AN1 signaling pathway.

HPV Vaccination: Polish-Language Facebook Discourse Analysis

Social media platforms are widely used for spreading vaccine-related information. The objectives of this paper are to characterize Polish-language human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination discourse on Facebook and to trace the possible influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in the HPV vaccination debate. A quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out based on data collected with a tool for internet monitoring and social media analysis. We found that the discourse about HPV vaccination bearing negative sentiment is centralized. There are leaders whose posts generate the bulk of anti-vaccine traffic and who possess relatively greater capability to influence recipients’ opinions. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic vaccination debate intensified, but there is no unequivocal evidence to suggest that interest in the HPV vaccination topic changed.

Immunogenicity of a Two-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Schedule in HIV-Infected Adolescents with Immune Reconstitution

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) acquisition and HPV-associated diseases. This study set out to determine whether a two-dose (2D) HPV vaccination schedule was sufficient in HIV-infected adolescents with immune reconstitution (IR) following antiretroviral treatment. Participants aged 9–15 years who had CD4 cell counts > 500 cells/mm3 and HIV-1 RNA < 40 copies/mL for at least one year were assigned to the 2D schedule, while older participants or those without IR received a three-dose (3D) schedule. Antibodies to HPV-16 and -18 were measured using a pseudovirion-based neutralization assay. A total of 96 subjects were enrolled; 31.3% and 68.7% received the 2D and 3D schedule, respectively. Of these, 66.7% and 57.6% of the 2D and 3D participants, respectively, were male. The seroconversion rates for HPV-16 and HPV-18 were 100% in all cases, except for HPV-18 in males who received the 3D schedule (97.4%). In males, the anti-HPV-16 geometric mean titers (GMTs) were 6859.3 (95% confidence interval, 4394.3–10,707.1) and 7011.1 (4648.8–10,573.9) in the 2D and 3D groups (p = 0.946), respectively, and the anti-HPV-18 GMTs were 2039.3 (1432.2–2903.8) and 2859.8 (1810.0–4518.4) in the 2D and 3D (p = 0.313) groups, respectively. In females, the anti-HPV-16 GMTs were 15,758.7 (8868.0–28,003.4) and 26,241.6 (16,972.7–40,572.3) in the 2D and 3D groups (p = 0.197), respectively, and the anti-HPV-18 GMTs were 5971.4 (3026.8–11,780.6) and 9993.1 (5950.8–16,781.1) in the 2D and 3D groups (p = 0.271), respectively. In summary, a 2D schedule is as immunogenic in young adolescents with IR as a 3D schedule in older subjects and those without IR.