scholarly journals Peer Review #3 of "Visualising higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects as projections to ℝ3 (v0.1)"

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Space Scale ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

scholarly journals Visualising higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects as projections to ℝ3

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Arroyo Ohori ◽  
Hugo Ledoux ◽  
Jantien Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Space Scale ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

Objects of more than three dimensions can be used to model geographic phenomena that occur in space, time and scale. For instance, a single 4D object can be used to represent the changes in a 3D object’s shape across time or all its optimal representations at various levels of detail. In this paper, we look at how such higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects can be visualised as projections from ℝ4to ℝ3. We present three projections that we believe are particularly intuitive for this purpose: (i) a simple ‘long axis’ projection that puts 3D objects side by side; (ii) the well-known orthographic and perspective projections; and (iii) a projection to a 3-sphere (S3) followed by a stereographic projection to ℝ3, which results in an inwards-outwards fourth axis. Our focus is in using these projections from ℝ4to ℝ3, but they are formulated from ℝnto ℝn−1so as to be easily extensible and to incorporate other non-spatial characteristics. We present a prototype interactive visualiser that applies these projections from 4D to 3D in real-time using the programmable pipeline and compute shaders of the Metal graphics API.

scholarly journals Visualising higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects as projections to \(\mathbb{R}^3\)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Arroyo Ohori ◽  
Hugo Ledoux ◽  
Jantien Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Space Scale ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

Objects of more than three dimensions can be used to model geographic phenomena that occur in space, time and scale. For instance, a single 4D object can be used to represent the changes in a 3D object's shape across time or all its optimal representations at various levels of detail. In this paper, we look at how such higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects can be visualised as projections from \(\mathbb{R}^4\) to \(\mathbb{R}^3\). We present three projections that we believe are particularly intuitive for this purpose: (i) a simple `long axis' projection that puts 3D objects side by side; (ii) the well-known orthographic and perspective projections; and (iii) a projection to a 3-sphere (\(S^3\)) followed by a stereographic projection to \(\mathbb{R}^3\), which results in an inwards-outwards fourth axis. Our focus is in using these projections from \(\mathbb{R}^4\) to \(\mathbb{R}^3\), but they are formulated from \(\mathbb{R}^n\) to \(\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\) so as to be easily extensible and to incorporate other non-spatial characteristics. We present a prototype interactive visualiser that applies these projections from 4D to 3D in real-time using the programmable pipeline and compute shaders of the Metal graphics API.

scholarly journals Visualising higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects as projections to \(\mathbb{R}^3\)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Arroyo Ohori ◽  
Hugo Ledoux ◽  
Jantien Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Space Scale ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

Objects of more than three dimensions can be used to model geographic phenomena that occur in space, time and scale. For instance, a single 4D object can be used to represent the changes in a 3D object's shape across time or all its optimal representations at various levels of detail. In this paper, we look at how such higher-dimensional space-time and space-scale objects can be visualised as projections from \(\mathbb{R}^4\) to \(\mathbb{R}^3\). We present three projections that we believe are particularly intuitive for this purpose: (i) a simple `long axis' projection that puts 3D objects side by side; (ii) the well-known orthographic and perspective projections; and (iii) a projection to a 3-sphere (\(S^3\)) followed by a stereographic projection to \(\mathbb{R}^3\), which results in an inwards-outwards fourth axis. Our focus is in using these projections from \(\mathbb{R}^4\) to \(\mathbb{R}^3\), but they are formulated from \(\mathbb{R}^n\) to \(\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\) so as to be easily extensible and to incorporate other non-spatial characteristics. We present a prototype interactive visualiser that applies these projections from 4D to 3D in real-time using the programmable pipeline and compute shaders of the Metal graphics API.

scholarly journals Gravitational Theory Without the Cosmological Constant Problem

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
pp. 2421-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Guendelman ◽  
A. B. Kaganovich
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

We develop a gravitational theory where the measure of integration in the action principle is not necessarily [Formula: see text] but it is determined dynamically through additional degrees of freedom. This theory is based on the demand that such measure respects the principle of "non-gravitating vacuum energy" which states that the Lagrangian density L can be changed to L + const. without affecting the dynamics. Formulating the theory in the first-order formalism we get as a consequence of the variational principle a constraint that enforces the vanishing of the cosmological constant. The most realistic model that implements these ideas is realized in a six or higher dimensional space–time. The compactification of extra dimensions into a sphere gives the possibility of generating scalar masses and potentials, gauge fields and fermionic masses. It turns out that the remaining four-dimensional space–time must have effective zero cosmological constant.

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