scholarly journals Peer Review #2 of "Brood size and sex ratio in response to host quality and wasp traits in the gregarious parasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (v0.2)"

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
B. Li ◽  
L. Meng

AbstractSuperparasitism is an adaptive strategy in solitary parasitoids, yet insufficient evidence confirms this in gregarious ones. We here ask whether the gregarious parasitoidOomyzus sokolowskiiis able to discriminate in attack and progeny allocation between parasitized and unparasitizedPlutella xylostellalarvae, and how the parasitoid allocates brood size and sex to superparasitized hosts due to some circumstances. We found that female parasitoids preferred unparasitized to parasitized host larvae, and allocated a smaller brood with more males in the later than in the former host. Brood size and sex ratio decreased from superparasitized hosts with a 48 h interval since a previous attack compared with one without an interval; they also declined from the host superparasitized by the parasitoid with oviposition experience compared with one without it. Brood size and sex ratio did not differ between the host superparasitized by the same parasitoid as in the first attack and that by a different one. Our findings suggest thatO. sokolowskiifemales may adjust their oviposition decisions on progeny allocation in response to parasitizedP. xylostellalarvae to maximize their fitness gains from superparasitism.


Crustaceana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-429
Author(s):  
Ye Ji Lee ◽  
Won Gyu Park

Abstract The population dynamics of Stenothoe valida Dana, 1852 were studied at Cheongsapo beach of Busan, Republic of Korea, from March 2019 to March 2020. Sampling was conducted once a month at low tide during spring tides. Specimens were grouped by the cephalic length at 0.025 mm intervals, and classified into four categories: females, ovigerous females, males and juveniles. The sex ratio, defined as females : total males + females, exceeded 0.5 during most of the study period. Brood size was significantly coupled with ovigerous female size. Two to four cohorts appeared at each study period. New cohorts occurred at almost every sampling except in the samples Jun-2, and Nov-2. Life span was estimated at 1-2 months. The juvenile ratio, the ratio of ovigerous females, and the recruitment rate estimated by FiSAT were commonly high in summer and winter. The life history of S. valida was not coupled with water temperature, but had a strong seasonal pattern.


2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1579-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Cárcamo ◽  
B. L. Beres ◽  
F. Clarke ◽  
R. J. Byers ◽  
H.-h. Mündel ◽  
...  

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
John R. Ruberson ◽  
Timothy J. Kring

The parasitoid, Baryscapus (=Tetrastichus) chrysopae (Crawford), is a widely-distributed gregarious parasitoid of chrysopid larvae. The ovipositional and developmental biology of this parasitoid in relation to the stage of its host, Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister), was examined. Female B. chrysopae attacked all larval stages of the host tested (instars 1 to 3), and paralyzed all hosts soon after mounting and stinging. During the host's paralysis, females oviposited in and fed on hosts. The time females spent on hosts was directly related to host stage. All hosts recovered from paralysis. Parasitoid developmental time was inversely related to host stage and ranged from 27.5 d in 1-d-old hosts to 20.5 d in 10-d-old hosts. Most development of parasitoid larvae appears to occur after the host has spun its pupal cocoon. The number of parasitoids produced per host was unrelated to host stage, ranging from 10.5 (in 1-d-old hosts) to 14.2 (in 7-d-old hosts) parasitoids per host. The sex ratio was skewed toward females (81.6% pooled across host stages) and was unrelated to host stage. The developmental biology of B. chrysopae appears to be well synchronized with that of its host.


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