Free Multivariate w*-Semicrossed Products: Reflexivity and the Bicommutant Property

We study w*-semicrossed products over actions of the free semigroup and the free abelian semigroup on (possibly non-selfadjoint) w*-closed algebras. We show that they are reflexive when the dynamics are implemented by uniformly bounded families of invertible row operators. Combining with results of Helmer, we derive that w*-semicrossed products of factors (on a separableHilbert space) are reflexive. Furthermore, we show that w*-semicrossed products of automorphic actions on maximal abelian self adjoint algebras are reflexive. In all cases we prove that the w*-semicrossed products have the bicommutant property if and only if the ambient algebra of the dynamics does also.

ON THE SET-THEORETIC STRENGTH OF ELLIS’ THEOREM AND THE EXISTENCE OF FREE IDEMPOTENT ULTRAFILTERS ON ω

Ellis’ Theorem (i.e., “every compact Hausdorff right topological semigroup has an idempotent element”) is known to be proved only under the assumption of the full Axiom of Choice (AC); AC is used in the proof in the disguise of Zorn’s Lemma.In this article, we prove that in ZF, Ellis’ Theorem follows from the Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem (BPI), and hence is strictly weaker than AC in ZF. In fact, we establish that BPI implies the formally stronger (than Ellis’ Theorem) statement “for every family ${\cal A} = \{ ({S_i},{ \cdot _i},{{\cal T}_i}):i \in I\}$ of nontrivial compact Hausdorff right topological semigroups, there exists a function f with domain I such that $f\left( i \right)$ is an idempotent of ${S_i}$, for all $i \in I$”, which in turn implies ACfin (i.e., AC for sets of nonempty finite sets).Furthermore, we prove that in ZFA, the Axiom of Multiple Choice (MC) implies Ellis’ Theorem for abelian semigroups (i.e., “every compact Hausdorff right topological abelian semigroup has an idempotent element”) and that the strictly weaker than MC (in ZFA) principle LW (i.e., “every linearly ordered set can be well-ordered”) implies Ellis’ Theorem for linearly orderable semigroups (i.e., “every compact Hausdorff right topological linearly orderable semigroup has an idempotent element”); thus the latter formally weaker versions of Ellis’ Theorem are strictly weaker than BPI in ZFA. Yet, it is shown that no choice is required in order to prove Ellis’ Theorem for well-orderable semigroups.We also show that each one of the (strictly weaker than AC) statements “the Tychonoff product $2^{\Cal R} $ is compact and Loeb” and $BPI_{\Cal R}$ (BPI for filters on ${\Cal R}$) implies “there exists a free idempotent ultrafilter on ω” (which in turn is not provable in ZF). Moreover, we prove that the latter statement does not imply $BP{I_\omega }$ (BPI for filters on ω) in ZF, hence it does not imply any of $AC_{\Cal R} $ (AC for sets of nonempty sets of reals) and $BPI_{\Cal R} $ in ZF, either.In addition, we prove that the statements “there exists a free ultrafilter on ω”, “there exists a free ultrafilter on ω which is not idempotent”, and “for every IP set $A \subseteq \omega$, there exists a free ultrafilter ${\cal F}$ on ω such that $A \in {\cal F}$” are pairwise equivalent in ZF.

Minimality for actions of abelian semigroups on compact spaces with a free interval

We study minimality for continuous actions of abelian semigroups on compact Hausdorff spaces with a free interval. First, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for such a space to admit a minimal action of a given abelian semigroup. Further, for actions of abelian semigroups we provide a trichotomy for the topological structure of minimal sets intersecting a free interval.

J-class abelian semigroups of matrices on ℝn

We establish, for finitely generated abelian semigroups G of matrices on ℝn, and by using the extended limit sets (the J-sets), the following equivalence analogous to the complex case: (i) G is hypercyclic, (ii) JG(vη) = ℝn for some vector vη given by the structure of G, (iii) G(vη) = ℝn. This answer a question raised by the author. Moreover we construct for any n = 2 an abelian semigroup G of GL(n, ℝ) generated by n + 1 diagonal matrices which is locally hypercyclic (or J-class) but not hypercyclic and such that JG(ek) = ℝn for every k = 1,…, n, where (e1,…, en) is the canonical basis of ℝn. This gives a negative answer to a question raised by Costakis and Manoussos

-SPHERICAL FUNCTIONS ON ABELIAN SEMIGROUPS

We present the form of the solutions $f:S\rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ of the functional equation $$\begin{eqnarray}\mathop{\sum }_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\in K}f(x+\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}y)=|K|f(x)f(y)\quad \text{for }x,y\in S,\end{eqnarray}$$ where $f$ satisfies the condition $f(\sum _{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\in K}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}x)\neq 0$ for all $x\in S$, $(S,+)$ is an abelian semigroup and $K$ is a subgroup of the automorphism group of $S$.

Normal Extensions of Representations of Abelian Semigroups

A commuting family of subnormal operators need not have a commuting normal extension. We study when a representation of an abelian semigroup can be extended to a normal representation, and show that it suffices to extend the set of generators to commuting normals. We also extend a result due to Athavale to representations on abelian lattice ordered semigroups.