Percepción de las profesionales de la publicidad sobre la igualdad laboral en su sector=Women working in advertising and their perceptions about the equality in this sector

<p align="left"><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>Un porcentaje de las plantillas de las agencias de publicidad y los departamentos de comunicación de las marcas está conformado por mujeres graduadas y licenciadas en titulaciones de Ciencias de la Comunicación. El objeto de esta investigación reside en conocer cuál es su percepción acerca de la posición que ocupan, así como de las dificultades que se encuentran para acceder a puestos de responsabilidad y ascender en el organigrama empresarial. Los resultados revelan que el sector de la publicidad sigue sin estar vertebrado desde la igualdad. Entre otros aportes, los datos indican que, ante ciertas situaciones laborales como la posibilidad de un ascenso, las mujeres perciben que deben hacer méritos superiores a los hombres para alcanzar puestos similares.</p><p align="left"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Advertising agencies and brands are formed by women graduates in studies belonging to Communication Sciences. Through this research, we aim to give these women a voice and find out first-hand what their perception is about the position they occupy, as well as the difficulties they encounter entering into a profession and moving up the organisation chart of the company they represent. The results indicate that we are dealing with an issue that has not been solved from an equality point of view, revealing that, in certain work situations, such as the possibility of promotion, women mostly have the perception that they have to do better than men in order to reach the same position.</p>

One Path Does Not Fit All: A Career Path Approach to the Study of Professional Women Entrepreneurs

We establish a career path framework to study professional women entrepreneurs. In our framework, we differentiate women by level of engagement (focused, side, never) and career patterns (continuous, interrupted) involving self-employment during their careers. We assert that these career paths will shape identities that will be differentially associated with gendered evaluations of success across women. Leveraging career data on over 800 women graduates from a U.S. business school over 60 years, we present evidence consistent with our thesis, demonstrating the importance of starting from a baseline that allows for women’s variances rather than a singular expectation of “lesser” women entrepreneurs.