Empirisme Penggunaan Tumbuhan pada Pengobatan Tradisional Bali: Lontar Taru Pramana dalam Konstruksi Filsafat Ilmu

<p><em>Man is never separated from the desires in the fulfillment of his life. The development of life also affects the form of human desire. The influence of materialism is sometimes human hedonism which is sometimes incompatible with Hindu ethics. But Epicurean Hedonism has a different view to hedonism in general. This paper aims to describe Epikuros's thoughts related to Hedonism. The pleasure-oriented attitude of hedonism is different from Epikuros hedonism that not only seeks material pleasure but also seeks spiritual pleasure. Spiritual pleasure can make man calm and wise, such situations are commonly called anarakxia. The hedonism taught by Epikuros aligns with the teachings on Hindu ethics that not only pursue earthly pleasures but are led to try to control themselves from earthly pleasures in order to achieve the happiness of life. The benefits of this paper can contribute to the understanding of the intersection between Epicurean thought and Hindu ethical views.</em></p>

Theme, Message, and Hindu Ethics Teaching in Gaguritan Cangak

<p><em>Gaguritan Cangak</em> is classified as a classic literature that can be studied in terms of themes, messages, and teachings contained in it. The <em>Gaguritan Cangak</em> theme is the impact of good and bad deeds, the message delivered does not quickly believe to the promises or sayings of others, always be wary of self-salvation, and believe in the truth of <em>karmaphala</em> law. The Hindu ethic in <em>Gaguritan Cangak</em> emphasizes the teachings of <em>karmaphala</em>, that any good deeds will be good deeds and bad deeds will be bad. The doctrine of good deeds of human deeds is known by the teachings of <em>Trikaya</em> <em>Parisudha</em> and Tri Mala.</p>