Separation of Perishable Inventories in Offline Retailing Through Transshipment

Transshipment in retailing is a practice where one outlet ships its excess inventory to another outlet with inventory shortages. By balancing inventories, transshipment can reduce waste and increase fill rate at the same time. In “Separation of Perishable Inventories in Offline Retailing Through Transshipment,” Li, Yu, and Du explore the idea of transshipping perishable goods with a fixed finite lifetime in offline grocery retailing. In the offline retailing of perishable goods, customers typically choose the newest items first, which can lead to substantial waste. They show that, in this context, transshipment plays two roles. One is inventory balancing, which is well known in the literature. The other is inventory separation, which is new to the literature. That is, transshipment allows a retailer to put newer inventory in one outlet and older inventory in the other. This makes it easier to sell older inventory and reduces waste as a result.

“OH LACKLUSTER TIGER, MAGNIFICENT TIGER!”: THE IMAGE OF A TIGER AS A SYMBOL OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN CHINESE AND RUSSIAN POETRY

The article is devoted to the analysis of the symbolic potential of the eternal image of the tiger in Chinese and Russian poetry. On the example of the works of Chinese and Russian poets of different eras, the peculiarity of the artistic representation of the image of the tiger in lyrical texts is considered and a wide range of its symbolic meanings is revealed: tiger as a symbol of cruelty, power love and at the same time courage and honor, desire for the truth, freedom and justice (Guo Moruo), a symbol of destruction and danger (Yu Zhi), a symbol of impending chaos and a harbinger of the upcoming apocalypse, spiritual and physical death (Xu Zhi-Mo), a symbol of bourgeois culture, the personification of the greed and depravity of monarchist society and its rulers, the “dark” past of Russia (Jiang Guamtsi), a symbol of the will to freedom and independence, protest and perseverance (Nu Han), a symbol of experienced fierce tragedies of the past (Du Fu), a symbol of an ancient deity (P Kogan), a symbol of the desire for cold and dangerous freedom and the rejection of a well-fed and safe life in a zoo cage (E. Sadov), an analogue of the ancient Chinese deity, a great fire-breathing commander, a symbol of freedom and the triumph of life and beauty, as well as wisdom and calm (I. Selvinsky). In the process of analysis, attention is drawn to the change in the symbolic connotations of the image depending on the lyrical situation, from the zoomorphic realities accompanying the key symbol (wolf, snake, fox, rat) and historical and mythological characters (cruel and merciless Han ruler Wu-di, honest and noble knight Li Yu, etc.). The image of the tiger is considered as an ambivalent entity, combining opposite qualities and symbolic meanings: cruelty, natural destructive power and wisdom, caution, courage, passion, freedom love.