Musik Popular Bali 1950-1965 dalam Dinamika Kebudayaan Nasional

Purpose: This research discusses the development of popular music in Bali and its relation to national cultural issues in the 1950-1965 period. Research methods: This research uses the theoretical framework of historical ethnomusicology and emphasizes the verstehen method to understand the meaning of music. Beside the documentary study, the collecting technique of this research uses some interviews with the musical practitioner, historian, and cultural expert. Results and discussion: Keroncong, which popular during that period, was not only an aesthetic expression in the realm of music but it is also a manifesto of Indonesianess, that they are part of Indonesian society. Implication: How to become Indonesian in the realm of music was interpreted differently in that period.

Performance and Autoethnography in Historical Ethnomusicology: Differentiating the Viola and the Violão

This article proposes the combination of performance and autoethnography as alternative methods to make use of musical scores concerning the viola (five-course guitar) and the violão (six-course guitar) in historical ethnomusicology. The author performs and records the same set of songs on the viola and the violão, and based on the multidimensionality of the interaction performer/instrument, writes an autoethnography differentiating his experiences in playing at both chordophones. This approach strives for overcoming the duality body/mind in academic musical research and comprises the embodied knowledge that arises from experience as a complementary epistemology to the corpus of knowledge about these instruments. Moreover, it is added the professional viewpoint of the virtuoso viola player Ivan Vilela who, interviewed by the author, gives his impressions about the differences in ergonomics and playing technics between those chordophones.