AbstractThe antimicrobial activity of the pygidial gland secretion released by adult individuals of the troglophilic ground beetleLaemostenus(Pristonychus)punctatus(Dejean, 1828), applying microdilution method with the aim to detect minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration and minimal fungicidal concentration, has been investigated. In addition, morphology of the pygidial glands is observed. We have tested 16 laboratory and clinical strains of human pathogens – eight bacterial both gram-positive and gram-negative species and eight fungal species. The pygidial secretion samples have showed antimicrobial properties against all strains of treated bacteria and fungi.Micrococcus flavusproved to be more resistant compared with other bacterial strains. More significant antimicrobial properties of the secretion are observed againstEscherichia coli, which proved to be the most sensitive bacteria.Aspergillus fumigatusproved to be the most resistant, whilePenicillium ochrochloronandPenicillium verrucosumvar.cyclopiumthe most sensitive micromycetes. Commercial antibiotics Streptomycin and Ampicillin and antimycotics Ketoconazole and Bifonazole, applied as positive controls, showed higher antibacterial properties for all bacterial and fungal strains, except forP. ochrochloron, which proved to be more resistant on Ketoconazole compared with the pygidial gland secretion ofL.(P.)punctatus. Apart from the role in ecological aspects, the antimicrobial properties of the tested secretion possibly might have medical significance in the future.