Myofascial Pain Syndrome, myofascial trigger points and trigger points in Veterinary Medicine

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) a is a painful condition related to myofascial trigger points (TP) in skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to perform a literature review on the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of MPS in veterinary medicine. The research sites used for this purpose were: Scientific Electronic Library, PubMed and Medline. The inclusion criteria for the papers were: must be written in English; published between 1990 and 2018; include the following keywords: myofascial pain syndrome veterinary/dog/canine/cat/feline/horse/equine, trigger points veterinary/dog/canine/cat/feline/horse/equine. Through the review, it was observed that veterinary clinical studies are scarce, and the articles found lack information such as MPS description, incidence and specific treatment techniques in dogs and horses, and no studies in cats were found.

Pengaruh Myofacial Release Kombinasi dengan Hold Relax terhadap Myofacial Pain Syndrome

AbstrakPekerja garment khususnya pada bagian operator jahit merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang beresiko terkena gangguan myofascial pain syndrome otot upper trapezius. Myofascial pain syndrome pada otot upper trapezius adalah kondisi nyeri otot leher yang ditandai adanya trigger point (titik nyeri) yang terletak di otot yang kencang, biasanya disebabkan karena beban kerja otot yang berlebihan. Sebanyak 6-67% nyeri leher dialami oleh pekerja, 49% diantaranya dialami pekerja garmen dan lebih banyak dialami wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi myofascial release dengan hold relax terhadap myofascial pain syndrome otot upper trapezius pada pekerja garmen Kecamatan Wonopringgo. Quasi experiment dengan rancangan one group pre test-post test adalah analisa data yang digunakan, penelitian ini menggunakan sample 20 responden, dilakukan selama 2 minggu dengan tindakan yang diberikan pada penelitian ini yaitu myofascial release selama 5 menit dan hold relax selama 15 menit. Hasil dari uji paired sample t test diperoleh hasil ρ value = 0,000 (<0,05), menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh kombinasi myofascial release dengan hold relax terhadap myofascial pain syndrome otot upper trapezius pada pekerja garmen Kecamatan Wonopringgo.Tindakan kombinasi myofascial myofascial release dengan hold relax ini dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi myofascial pain syndrome otot upper trapezius.Kata kunci: Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Myofascial Release dan Hold Relax. The Effects of Myofascial Release Combination with Hold Relax onMyofascial Pain SyndromeAbstractGarment workery especially in the sewing operators is a profession with high risk of myofascial pain syndrome disorders on upper trapezius muscle. Myofascial pain syndrome on the upper trapezius muscle is painful condition characterized by neck muscles trigger points (pain points) located on lean muscle, usually due to excessive muscle workload. As many as 6-67% of neck pain was experienced by workers, 49% of them experienced garment workers especially female workers. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of myofascial release with hold relax to myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle to garment workers in Wonopringgo District. It was a quasi experimental research with one group pre test and post test design. 20 respondent were selected through a purposive sampling technique. The treatment was given for two weeks (e.g. 3 times for each week). In each treatment,each respondent as given 5 minutes of myofascial release and 15 minutes of hold relax. The paired sample t test resulted p value = 0,000 (<0,05). It indicated that there wasand influence of the combination of myofascial release and hold relax to myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle in garment workers in Wonopringgo District. Therefore the combination of myofascial release combination with hold relax can be used to treat myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle.Keywords : Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Myofascial Release and Hold Relax.

A CASE REPORT ON STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID SYNDROME - A TRUE PAIN IN THE NECK

The Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle may develop myofascial trigger points and the physical manifestation of pain and signs and symptoms due to these trigger points is commonly referred to as SCM syndrome. The diagnosis of SCM syndrome can be onerous as non-specific signs and symptoms associated with SCM syndrome may vary in presentation. The subject in this case report had post-acceleration-deceleration induced injury to SCM with hypertrophy of sternocleidomastoid muscle on the left side. The patient reported pain over the left SCM muscle, forehead, around the ipsilateral eye, over the cheek, the tip of the chin, sternoclavicular joint and deep in the throat upon. The patient was ascribed various diagnosis before a definitive diagnosis was made. The patient underwent three trigger point injections under ultrasound guidance, last one with BOTOX, and reported long-lasting pain relief. Overall with intensive physical therapy and trigger point injections the acute symptoms resolved. Key words: Sternocleidomastoid syndrome, myofascial pain syndromes, trigger points, ultrasound, Botox