Musculoskeletal symptoms can occur in a variety of diseases, or as drug side effects. Presentations and conditions discussed in this section include: multisystem diseases (e.g. adult-onset Still’s disease, acute sarcoid arthritis, and amyloidosis);
paraneoplastic syndromes (e.g. hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema, and tumour-induced osteomalacia); skin manifestations of rheumatic disease (e.g. panniculitis, neutrophilic dermatoses, and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis); primary joint pathology and synovial disorders (e.g. pigmented vilonodular synovitis, synovial osteochondromatosis, Charcot joint); rheumatic manifestations of haematological disease (e.g. haemophilia, sickle cell disease, leukaemia, lymphoma, and polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin abnormalities); rheumatic manifestations of metabolic disease (e.g. hereditary haemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease); disorders of the spine and axial skeleton (e.g. Tietze’s syndrome, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, and alkaptonuria); drug-induced rheumatic syndromes (e.g. statin-induced myopathy, drug-induced tendinopathy, drug-induced lupus, and allopurinol hypersensitivity).