myoclonic jerk
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2020 ◽  
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2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Marzieh Shahpari ◽  
Hadi Aligholi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Namavar ◽  
Farzaneh Vafaee ◽  
Masoumeh Emamghoreishi

Background: There is no universally accepted behavioral scoring to define the early development of phenothiazine (PTZ) kindling. Therefore, studies investigating alterations of neurogenesis in the PTZ model were mainly focused on full kindled animals rather than early stages of kindling. This study aimed to determine an appropriate behavioral index for categorizing stages of PTZ kindling progress and to evaluate neurogenesis during PTZ kindling. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four mice were intraperitoneally injected with a sub convulsive dose of PTZ (40mg/kg) every other day until they became full kindled. The first occurrence of different seizure behaviors and their durations were recorded during kindling development, and the different stages of kindling were categorized. Neurogenesis was evaluated in the lateral subventricular zone (SVZ) at each stage of kindling by immunofluorescence staining. Results: First occurrence of restlessness, motionless staring, hind limb tonic extension, Straub’s tail, myoclonic jerk, and tonic-clonic were sequentially observed in more than 80% of animals with increasing PTZ injections. The duration of the myoclonic jerk was significantly longer than the other seizure behaviors. The significantly higher percentage of BrdU-positive cells was found in SVZ of mice showing tonic-clonic in comparison to other seizure behaviors. Conclusion: A hierarchy behavior was observed during the kindling process when considering the first occurrence of seizure behaviors. We defined the first occurrence of restlessness, motionless, hind limb tonic extension and Straub’s tail behaviors as an early phase, myoclonic jerk as a borderline phase and tonic-clonic as a late phase of PTZ-induced kindling. Our results indicated an enhanced SVZ neurogenesis at the late phase of kindling. [GMJ.2019;8:e1511]



2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Mamunur Rashid Bhuiyan ◽  
Sudip Ranjan Deb ◽  
Ahmedul Kabir

Subacutesclerosingpanencephalitis(SSPE) is a late complication of measles virus infection. It presents with psychiatric manifestation, progressive dementia, myoclonic jerk and other focal neurological signs. The diagnosis is based upon characteristics clinical manifestation, the presence of characteristic periodic EEG discharge, and demonstration of raised antibody titer against measles in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. In our case patient presented with behavioral change, myoclonic jerk, characteristic EEG and elevated level of antibody both in serum and CSF.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v16i1.22403 J MEDICINE 2015; 16 : 51-52





2007 ◽  
Vol 211 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Kakisaka ◽  
Kazuhiro Haginoya ◽  
Noriko Togashi ◽  
Taro Kitamiura ◽  
Mitsugu Uematsu ◽  
...  


1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ceravolo ◽  
A. Nuti ◽  
G. Siciliano ◽  
R. Calabrese ◽  
U. Bonuccelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  


1996 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Lloyd ◽  
P.D. Slade ◽  
J.P. Hatcher ◽  
J.J. Hagan


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