scholarly journals Multiomics Characterization of Preterm Birth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. e2029655
Author(s):  
Fyezah Jehan ◽  
Sunil Sazawal ◽  
Abdullah H. Baqui ◽  
Muhammad Imran Nisar ◽  
Usha Dhingra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Impact of improved cookstoves on women’s and child health in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megha Thakur ◽  
Paulien A W Nuyts ◽  
Esther A Boudewijns ◽  
Javier Flores Kim ◽  
Timor Faber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Low And Middle Income

ObjectivesImproved biomass cookstoves may help reduce the substantial global burden of morbidity and mortality due to household air pollution (HAP) that disproportionately affects women and children in low and middle income countries (LMICs).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of (quasi-)experimental studies identified from 13 electronic databases (last update: 6 April 2018), reference and citation searches and via expert consultation.SettingLMICsParticipantsWomen and childrenInterventionsImproved biomass cookstovesMain outcome measuresLow birth weight (LBW), preterm birth, perinatal mortality, paediatric acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and COPD among women.ResultsWe identified 53 eligible studies, including 24 that met prespecified design criteria. Improved cookstoves had no demonstrable impact on paediatric lower ARIs (three studies; 11 560 children; incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.02 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.24)), severe pneumonia (two studies; 11 061 children; IRR=0.88 (95% CI 0.39 to 2.01)), LBW (one study; 174 babies; OR=0.74 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.66)) or miscarriages, stillbirths and infant mortality (one study; 1176 babies; risk ratio (RR) change=15% (95% CI –13 to 43)). No (quasi-)experimental studies assessed preterm birth or COPD. In observational studies, improved cookstoves were associated with a significant reduction in COPD among women: two studies, 9757 participants; RR=0.74 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.90). Reductions in cough (four studies, 1779 participants; RR=0.72 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.87)), phlegm (four studies, 1779 participants; RR=0.65 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.80)), wheezing/breathing difficulty (four studies; 1779 participants; RR=0.41 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.59)) and conjunctivitis (three studies, 892 participants; RR=0.58 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.78)) were observed among women.ConclusionImproved cookstoves provide respiratory and ocular symptom reduction and may reduce COPD risk among women, but had no demonstrable child health impact.RegistrationPROSPERO: CRD42016033075

scholarly journals Risk of childhood undernutrition related to small-for-gestational age and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Christian ◽  
Sun Eun Lee ◽  
Moira Donahue Angel ◽  
Linda S Adair ◽  
Shams E Arifeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Childhood Undernutrition ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Placental histopathology in preterm birth with confirmed maternal infection: A systematic literature review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255902
Author(s):  
Aung Myat Min ◽  
Makoto Saito ◽  
Julie A. Simpson ◽  
Stephen H. Kennedy ◽  
François H. Nosten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Four in five neonatal deaths of preterm births occur in low and middle income countries and placental histopathology examination can help clarify the pathogenesis. Infection is known to play a significant role in preterm birth. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the association between placental histopathological abnormality and preterm birth in the presence of confirmed infection. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase were searched using the keywords related to preterm birth, placental histopathology and infection. Titles and abstracts were screened and the full texts of eligible articles were reviewed to extract and summarise data. Of 1529 articles, only 23 studies (13 bacterial, 6 viral and 4 parasitic) were included, and they used 7 different gestational age windows, and 20 different histopathological classification systems, precluding data pooling. Despite this, histopathological chorioamnionitis, and funisitis (when examined) were commonly observed in preterm birth complicated by confirmed bacterial or viral, but not parasitic, infection. The presence of malaria parasites but not pigment in placenta was reported to increase the risk of PTB, but this finding was inconclusive. One in three studies were conducted in low and middle income countries. An array of: definitions of preterm birth subgroups, histological classification systems, histopathologic abnormalities and diagnostic methods to identify infections were reported in this systematic review. Commitment to using standardised terminology and classification of histopathological abnormalities associated with infections is needed to identify causality and potential treatment of preterm birth. Studies on preterm birth needs to occur in high burden countries and control for clinical characteristics (maternal, fetal, labor, and placental) that may have an impact on placental histopathological abnormalities.

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