En Face Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography Measurement of Total Retinal Blood Flow in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema

AimTo assess total retinal blood flow (TRBF) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) using multiplane en face Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsA 70 kHz spectral-domain OCT system scanned a 2×2 mm area centred at the optic disc of the eyes with DR and healthy participants. The multiplane en face Doppler OCT algorithm generated a three-dimensional volumetric data set consisting of 195 en face planes. The TRBF was calculated from the maximum flow values of each branching retinal vein at an optimised en face plane. DR severity was graded according to the international clinical classification system. The generalised linear model method was used to compare flow values between DR groups and the control group.ResultsA total of 71 eyes from 71 participants were included. Ten eyes were excluded due to poor image quality. The within-visit repeatability of scans was 4.1% (coefficient of variation). There was no significant difference in the TRBF between the healthy (46.7±10.2 µL/min) and mild/moderate non-proliferative DR (44.9±12.6 µL/min) groups. The TRBF in severe non-proliferative DR (39.1±12.6 µL/min) and proliferative DR (28.9±8.85 µL/min) groups were significantly lower (p=0.04 and p<0.0001, respectively) than that of the healthy group. TRBF was correlated with DR disease severity (p<0.0001, linear trend test).ConclusionThe novel multiplane en face Doppler OCT method provided reliable measurements of TRBF in DR eyes. This may be a useful tool in understanding the pathophysiology of DR.

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Retinal Blood Flow Response to Hyperoxia Measured With En Face Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.15-18917 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (9) ◽

pp. OCT141 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alex D. Pechauer ◽

Ou Tan ◽

Liang Liu ◽

Yali Jia ◽

Vivian Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Retinal Blood Flow ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Blood Flow Response ◽

Flow Response ◽

En Face ◽

Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography

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En face image-based classification of diabetic macular edema using swept source optical coherence tomography

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87440-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Atsushi Fujiwara ◽

Yuki Kanzaki ◽

Shuhei Kimura ◽

Mio Hosokawa ◽

Yusuke Shiode ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Subretinal Fluid ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Swept Source ◽

En Face

AbstractThis retrospective study was performed to classify diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the localization and area of the fluid and to investigate the relationship of the classification with visual acuity (VA). The fluid was visualized using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images constructed using swept-source OCT. A total of 128 eyes with DME were included. The retina was segmented into: Segment 1, mainly comprising the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer, including Henle’s fiber layer; and Segment 2, mainly comprising the outer nuclear layer. DME was classified as: foveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and no fluid at Segment 2 (n = 24), parafoveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and no fluid at Segment 2 (n = 25), parafoveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and diffuse fluid at Segment 2 (n = 16), diffuse fluid at both segments (n = 37), and diffuse fluid at both segments with subretinal fluid (n = 26). Eyes with diffuse fluid at Segment 2 showed significantly poorer VA, higher ellipsoid zone disruption rates, and greater central subfield thickness than did those without fluid at Segment 2 (P < 0.001 for all). These results indicate the importance of the localization and area of the fluid for VA in DME.

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