Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A. Roach ◽  
Graham M. Fraser ◽  
James H. Kryklywy ◽  
Derek G.V. Mitchell ◽  
Timothy D. Wilson
2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Y. C Chen

We simulated a military mounted crewstation environment and conducted two experiments to examine the workload and performance of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator. The robotics tasks involved managing a semi-autonomous ground robot or teleoperating a ground robot to conduct reconnaissance tasks. We also evaluated whether aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities (delivered either through tactile or tactile + visual cueing) for the gunnery task might benefit the concurrent robotics and communication tasks. Results showed that participants' gunnery task performance degraded significantly when they had to concurrently monitor, manage, or teleoperate an unmanned ground vehicle compared to the gunnery-single task condition. When there was AiTR to assist them with their gunnery task, operators' concurrent performance of robotics and communication tasks improved significantly. However, there was a tendency for participants to over-rely on automation when task load was heavy, and performance degradations were observed in instances where automation failed to be entirely reliable. Participants' spatial ability was found to be a reliable predictor of robotics task performance, although the performance gap between those with higher and lower spatial ability appeared to be narrower when the AiTR was available to assist the gunnery task. Participants' perceived workload increased consistently as the concurrent task conditions became more challenging and when their gunnery task was unassisted. Individual difference factors such as spatial ability and perceived attentional control were found to correlate significantly with some of the performance measures. Implications for military personnel selection were discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-562
Author(s):  
Alica Thissen ◽  
Frank M. Spinath ◽  
Nicolas Becker

Abstract. The cube construction task represents a novel format in the assessment of spatial ability through mental cube rotation tasks. Instead of selecting the correct answer from several response options, respondents construct their own response in a computerized test environment, leading to a higher demand for spatial ability. In the present study with a sample of 146 German high-school students, we tested an approach to manipulate the item difficulties in order to create items with a greater difficulty range. Furthermore, we compared the cube task in a distractor-free and a distractor-based version while the item stems were held identical. The average item difficulty of the distractor-free format was significantly higher than in the distractor-based format ( M = 0.27 vs. M = 0.46) and the distractor-free format showed a broader range of item difficulties (.02 ≤  pi ≤ .95 vs. .37 ≤  pi ≤ .63). The analyses of the test results also showed that the distractor-free format had a significantly higher correlation with a broad intelligence test ( r = .57 vs. r = .17). Reasons for the higher convergent validity of the distractor-free format (prevention of response elimination strategies and the broader range of item difficulties) and further research possibilities are discussed.


1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa C. Gleason ◽  
Lawrence A. Rothblat
Keyword(s):  

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe De Maio ◽  
Edward J. Rinalducci ◽  
Rebecca Brooks ◽  
John Brunderman
Keyword(s):  

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