Unitary giant synapses embracing a single neuron at the convergent site of time-coding pathways of an electric fish,Gymnarchus niloticus

2004 ◽  
Vol 472 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Matsushita ◽  
Masashi Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fish ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Giant Synapses ◽  
Time Coding

Time Coding in Electric Fish and Barn Owls

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fish ◽  
Barn Owls ◽  
Time Coding

Evolution of Time Coding Systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Carr ◽  
M. A. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fish ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Weakly Electric Fish ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Barn Owls ◽  
Time Coding ◽  
Weakly Electric

The auditory and electrosensory systems contain circuits that are specialized for the encoding and processing of microsecond time differences. Analysis of these circuits in two specialists, weakly electric fish and barn owls, has uncovered common design principles and illuminated some aspects of their evolution.

Undulatory median fin propulsion of two teleosts with different modes of life

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2116-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fish ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Propulsive Efficiency ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Modes Of Life

A simple fluid flow model, based on momentum considerations, is employed to calculate the hydromechnanical efficiency of the undulatory dorsal fin propeller of the electric fish (Gymnarchus niloticus) and the seahorse (Hippocampus hudsonius). The undulatory fins of G. niloticus and H. hudsonius are representative of two extreme kinematic styles. The dorsal fin of G. niloticus is characterized by waveforms which are propagated at low frequency and a leading edge which "sweeps out" a large area. In contrast, the leading edge of the dorsal fin of H. hudsonius sweeps out a comparatively small area and waveforms pass down the fin at a high frequency. It is shown that the propulsive efficiency of the dorsal fin of G. niloticus can be up to twice that of H. hudsonius at similar swimming speeds. Possible explanations for the evolution of the two kinematic modes are discussed in relation to the mode of life of the animals.

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