scholarly journals Strategic placement of urban agriculture: A spatial optimization approach

ua ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuwan Thapa ◽  
Aniruddha Banerjee ◽  
Jeffrey Wilson ◽  
Samantha Hamlin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Optimization Approach

scholarly journals Analyzing the relationship between peak runoff discharge and land-use pattern – a spatial optimization approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3543-3575
Author(s):  
I.-Y. Yeo ◽  
J.-M. Guldmann
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Global Optimality ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Land Use Optimization ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Use Pattern

Abstract. This paper investigates the impacts of land-use patterns on watershed hydrology and characterizes the nature of this relationship. The approach combines a spatially explicit, process-based hydrological simulation model, a land-use optimization model, the Integrated Hydrological and Land-Use Optimization (IHLUO) model, and an extensive GIS database. Numerical experiments are conducted to assess changes in the peak discharge rate under various spatial land-use arrangements, and to delineate the optimal land distribution that minimizes the peak discharge. The area of application is a catchment of the Old Woman Creek watershed in the southwestern coastal area of Lake Erie, OH. The global optimality of the delineated land pattern at a 30-m resolution is evaluated using a combinatorial statistical method. A large number of solutions has been generated from clearly different initial solutions, and these solutions turn out to be very close to each other, strongly supporting the case for a convex relationship between peak discharge and land-use pattern. The Weibull distribution is used to generate a point estimate of the global optimal value and its confidence interval. The peak discharge function is further examined in light of the underlying physics used in the simulation model.

Identifying bus stop redundancy: A gis-based spatial optimization approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Delmelle ◽  
Shuping Li ◽  
Alan T. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Bus Stop

scholarly journals A Spatial Optimization Approach for Simultaneously Districting Precincts and Locating Polling Places

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Kamyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Search Costs ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Median Problem ◽  
Spatial Continuity ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Spatial Decision Making ◽  
Population Sizes

Voting is the most basic form of political participation. The agencies that are responsible for voting must delineate precincts and designate a polling place for each precinct. This spatial decision-making requires a strategic approach for several reasons. First, changes in the location of polling places induce transportation and search costs from the perspective of voters. Second, improving accessibility to polling places can increase turnout. Third, differences in the population sizes of precincts may produce biased voting results. Spatial optimization approaches can be a strategic method for delimiting precincts and siting polling places. The purpose of this paper is to develop a spatial optimization model, namely, the capacitated double p-median problem with preference (CDPMP-P), which simultaneously delimits boundaries of precincts and selects potential facilities in terms of mixed integer programming (MIP). The CDPMP-P explicitly includes realistic requirements, such as population balance, the spatial continuity of precincts, the preferences of potential facilities where polling places can be installed, and the possibility of allocating multiple polling places in one facility.

Spatial optimization of watershed best management practice scenarios based on boundary-adaptive configuration units

2020 ◽  
pp. 030913332093900
Author(s):  
Liang-Jun Zhu ◽  
Cheng-Zhi Qin ◽  
A-Xing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Best Management Practice ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Scenario Optimization ◽  
Hillslope Processes

Spatial optimization of watershed best management practice (BMP) scenarios based on watershed modeling is an effective decision support tool for watershed management. During such optimization, existing types of BMP configuration units for configuring BMPs (or BMP configuration units, e.g. subbasins, hydrologic response units, farms) remain fixed boundaries once they have been created through spatial discretization prior to BMP scenario optimization. This sort of “boundary-fixed” method does not allow for adjustments to the spatial characteristics of BMP configuration units. Hence, it runs the risk of missing superior BMP scenarios that could have been obtained by adjusting unit boundaries and may produce less effective spatial optimization. In this article, we propose a new approach to the spatial optimization of BMP scenarios based on boundary-adaptive configuration units. The proposed optimization approach adopts slope positions (basic landform units along hillslopes inherently related to physical hillslope processes) as BMP configuration units and dynamically adjusts their boundaries by using quantitative information about their spatial gradation (i.e. fuzzy slope positions) during the optimization. A case study conducted in the Youwuzhen watershed in Fujian, China, showed that the proposed optimization approach can significantly enlarge the search space and obtain optimal BMP scenarios with better cost-effectiveness and higher optimization efficiency than with boundary-fixed units. The proposed optimization approach provides a new alternative framework for spatial optimization of BMP scenarios, in which other watershed models, intelligent optimization algorithms, and BMP configuration units available for boundary adjustment can be applied to BMP scenario optimization in a boundary-adaptive manner. This study also exemplifies the potential for transforming qualitative, vague, and empirical geographical knowledge about slope position units related to physical hillslope processes and BMPs into quantitative, explicit, and automated geospatial algorithms for effectively resolving environmental management problems in a more geographically meaningful way.

scholarly journals A Multi-factor Spatial Optimization Approach for Emergency Medical Facilities in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
Zhibang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Demand Distribution ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Blind Area ◽  
Medical Facilities

The outcomes for emergency medical services (EMS) are highly dependent on space-time accessibility. Prior research describes the location of EMS needs with low accuracy and has not integrated a temporal analysis of the road network, which accounts for varying mobility in a dynamic transportation network. In this study, we formulated a network-based location-allocation model (NLAM) and analyzed the spatial characteristics of emergency medical facilities within the fifth ring road in Beijing by considering time, traffic, and population characteristics. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The high demand area for EMS is concentrated in the areas in middle, north, and east during the daytime (8:00–20:00) and in the middle and north during the nighttime (20:00–8:00). From day to night, the centroid of the potential demand distribution shifts in the Western and Southern areas. (2) The road traffic data is sampled 20 times throughout the week, and variations in the average driving speed affect a higher mean driving speed on the weekend. This primarily impacts the main roads, due to these roads experiencing the greatest fluctuation in speed throughout the week of any roadway in the study area. (3) Finally, the 15-min coverage of emergency medical facilities are sampled 20 times in one week and analyzed. Fortunately, there is 100% coverage at night; however, due to traffic congestion, there were a few blind coverage areas in the daytime. The blind area is prevalent in Shijingshan South Station and the Jingxian Bridge in the South fifth ring.

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