Multinational Corporations in SADCC (Southern African Development Coordination Conference)

1988 ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
African Development ◽  
Coordination Conference

Zambia and the Liberation of South Africa

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Good
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Member States ◽  
African Development ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Coordination Conference

The nine member-states of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (S.A.D.C.C.) – Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Mozambique, Botswana, Tanzania, Malawi, Lesotho, Swaziland – are notable for their collective weakness relative to South Africa, and their very wide economic and political heterogeneity.1 Only four, or at most five, have economies whose annual G.D.P. exceeds $2,000 million: two of these, Angola and Mozambique, are under more or less constant attack from South Africa or its surrogate forces, while Tanzania is actually the most remote, physically and economically. At the same time, Malawi, Swaziland, and Lesotho – who are not in the so-called ‘Frontline’, unlike the other six – have rather close political relations with Pretoria, Malawi most substantively since as early as 1966 and Swaziland since 1982.2 Botswana is more independent politically, with a modest G.D.P. and very small population.

SADCC and the Future of Southern African Regionalism

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Fadzai Gwaradzimba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
African Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Coordination Conference

Since the 1960s, Southern Africa’s regional alliance patterns have been primarily determined by South Africa’s military and economic dominance of the region. Not surprisingly, divisive and conflict-ridden relations between South Africa and the less powerful majority-ruled states characterized interstate relations in the region throughout this period. In the 1970s, the latter’s collective and individual opposition to an apartheid-dominated regional order gave rise to two competing regional blocs: the South African-led Pax Pretoriana and the Frontline States (FLS) informal diplomatic alliance, which became the nucleus of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC).

Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC): Towards Regional Integration of Southern Africa for Liberation

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-384
Author(s):  
Layi Abegunrin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
The South ◽  
African Development ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Minority Regime ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coordination Conference

Southern Africa has become a battleground between two ideologically and fundamentally opposed constellation of states, Pretoria and Lusaka constellations. The conflict between the two basically concerns the domestic racial policies and the future of South Africa. The Pretoria constellation was launched on July 22, 1980, and is led by P. W. Botha, the South Africa's Prime Minister. The Botha's axis is a designed strategy which essentially aims at using South Africa's economic power and wealth to manipulate its neighboring nine black ruled states; and to exert subtle pressure to ensure that they cohere with the white minority regime of South Africa. This ambition of the Pretoria constellation is a vital part of the total strategy of survival of the Botha government. This particularly involves the use of the economy as an instrument of maintaining ultimate political power and control based on the maintenance of the basic structures of apartheid. This has in turn motivated South Africa's opposition to the policies of economic and political liberation of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) states. The second, the Lusaka constellation and also known as the “Southern Nine” was launched on April 1, 1980. It consists of the nine Southern African States of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The declared aim of the Southern Nine is to form an alliance which would pursue an economic strategy that would reduce or eliminate their economic dependence on South Africa. To this end, the Southern Nine and the South African-occupied territory of Namibia unanimously adopted a Programme of Action aimed at stimulating inter-state trade with the ultimate objective of economic independence from South Africa.

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