Event-Related Potentials and Stimulus Repetition in Direct and Indirect Tests of Memory

1994 ◽  
pp. 124-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Rugg ◽  
Michael C. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Indirect Tests

scholarly journals Perceptual Expectations do not Modulate Image Repetition Effects as Measured by Event-Related Potentials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Owen Churches ◽  
Scott Coussens ◽  
Hannah A. D. Keage
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Repetition Effect ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
List Type ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Neuron Response ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractRepeated stimulus presentation leads to complex changes in cortical neuron response properties, commonly known as repetition suppression or stimulus-specific adaptation. Circuit-based models of repetition suppression provide a framework for investigating patterns of repetition effects that propagate through cortical hierarchies. To further develop such models it is critical to determine whether (and if so, when) repetition effects are modulated by top-down influences, such as those related to perceptual expectation. We investigated this by presenting pairs of repeated and alternating face images, and orthogonally manipulating expectations regarding the likelihood of stimulus repetition. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from n=39 healthy adults, to map the spatiotemporal progression of stimulus repetition and expectation effects, and interactions between these factors, using mass univariate analyses. We also tested whether the ability to predict unrepeated (compared to repeated) face identities could influence the magnitude of observed repetition effects, by presenting separate blocks with predictable and unpredictable alternating faces. Multiple repetition and expectation effects were identified between 99-800ms from stimulus onset, which did not statistically interact at any point. Repetition effects in blocks with predictable alternating faces were smaller than in unpredictable alternating face blocks between 117-179ms and 506-652ms, and larger between 246-428ms. ERP repetition effects appear not to be modulated by perceptual expectations, supporting separate mechanisms for repetition and expectation suppression. However, previous studies that aimed to test for repetition effects, in which the repeated (but not unrepeated) stimulus was predictable, are likely to have conflated repetition and stimulus predictability effects.Highlights- ERP face image repetition effects were apparent between 99-800ms from stimulus onset- Expectations of stimulus image properties did not modulate face repetition effects- The predictability of unrepeated stimuli influenced repetition effect magnitudes

scholarly journals Electrophysiological correlates of perceptual prediction error are attenuated in dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara D. Beach ◽  
Sung-Joo Lim ◽  
Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez ◽  
Marianna D. Eddy ◽  
John D. E. Gabrieli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Error ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Adaptation ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Difference

A perceptual adaptation deficit often accompanies reading difficulty in dyslexia, manifesting in poor perceptual learning of consistent stimuli and reduced neurophysiological adaptation to stimulus repetition. However, it is not known how adaptation deficits relate to differences in feedforward or feedback processes in the brain. Here we used electroencephalography (EEG) to interrogate the feedforward and feedback contributions to neural adaptation as adults with and without dyslexia viewed pairs of faces and words in a paradigm that manipulated whether there was a high probability of stimulus repetition versus a high probability of stimulus change. We measured three neural dependent variables: expectation (the difference between prestimulus EEG power with and without the expectation of stimulus repetition), feedforward repetition (the difference between event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by an expected change and an unexpected repetition), and feedback-mediated prediction error (the difference between ERPs evoked by an unexpected change and an expected repetition). Expectation significantly modulated prestimulus theta- and alpha-band EEG in both groups. Unexpected repetitions of words, but not faces, also led to significant feedforward repetition effects in the ERPs of both groups. However, neural prediction error when an unexpected change occurred instead of an expected repetition was significantly weaker in dyslexia than the control group for both faces and words. These results suggest that the neural and perceptual adaptation deficits observed in dyslexia reflect the failure to effectively integrate perceptual predictions with feedforward sensory processing. In addition to reducing perceptual efficiency, the attenuation of neural prediction error signals would also be deleterious to the wide range of perceptual and procedural learning abilities that are critical for developing accurate and fluent reading skills.

scholarly journals Characterising the short-term habituation of event-related evoked potentials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Mancini ◽  
Alessia Pepe ◽  
Alberto Bernacchia ◽  
Giulia Di Stefano ◽  
André Mouraux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Decay Function ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Skin Receptors

AbstractFast-rising sensory events evoke a series of functionally heterogeneous event-related potentials (ERPs). Stimulus repetition at 1 Hz is known to induce a strong habituation of the largest ERP responses, the vertex waves, which are elicited by stimuli regardless of their modality7, provided that they are salient and behaviourally-relevant. In contrast, the effect of stimulus repetition on the earlier sensor)7 components of ERl’s has been less explored, and the few existing results are inconsistent. To characterize how the different ERP waves habituate over time, we recorded the responses elicited by 60 identical somatosensory stimuli (activating either non-nociceptive A β or nociceptive A5 afferents), delivered at 1 Hz to healthy human participants. We show that the well-described spatiotemporal sequence of lateralised and vertex ERP components elicited by the first stimulus of the series is largely preserved in the smaller-amplitude, habituated response elicited by the last stimuli of the series. We also found that the earlier lateralised sensory waves habituate across the 60 trials following the same decay function of the vertex waves: this decay function is characterised by a large drop at the first stimulus repetition followed by smaller decreases at subsequent repetitions. Interestingly, the same decay functions described the habituation of ERPs elicited by repeated non-nociceptive and nociceptive stimuli. This study provides a neurophysiological characterization of the effect of prolonged and repeated stimulation on the main components of somatosensory ERPs. It also demonstrates that both lateralised waves and vertex waves are obligator}7 components of ERPs elicited by non-nociceptive and nociceptive stimuli.Significance statementOur results provide a functional characterization of the decay of the different ERP components when identical somatosensory (nociceptive and non-nociceptive) stimuli are repeated at 1Hz. East-rising stimuli elicit ERPs obligator)7 contributed by both early lateralised components and late vertex components, even when stimulus repetition minimizes stimulus relevance. This challenges the view that lateralised waves are not obligatorily elicited by nociceptive stimuli. Furthermore, the lateralised and vertex waves habituate to stimulus repetition following similar decay functions, which are unlikely explained in terms of fatigue or adaptation of skin receptors.

Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Younger and Older Listeners

ASHA Leader ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Sridhar Krishnamurti ◽  
Haley Messersmith
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Event ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Event Related Potentials
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