A Theoretical Account of Encoding and Retrieval Processes in the Use of Imagery-Based Mnemonic Techniques: The Special Case of the Keyword Method

1987 ◽  
pp. 56-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Desrochers ◽  
Ian Begg
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Account ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Keyword Method ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval ◽  
Mnemonic Techniques

The Problems of Ignorance and Uncertainty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Lower Tier ◽  
Theoretical Account ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Tier System ◽  
Special Case

Chapter 9 turns to further epistemic barriers for decision makers: the problems of (nonmoral) ignorance and (nonmoral) uncertainty. The concepts of “ignorance” and “uncertainty” are elucidated, the problem of uncertainty is defined, and it is argued that the problem of ignorance should be treated as a special case of the problem of uncertainty. The three salient attempts to solve the problem are the Pragmatic, Austere, and Hybrid approaches. Combined solutions to the problem of error and the problem of uncertainty are explored, and it is argued that the only feasible approaches marry the Austere Response to the problem of error with the Hybrid Response to the problem of uncertainty in a two-tier system. The top-tier code provides the correct theoretical account of right and wrong, while the lower-tier rules provide associated decision-guides. Consistency requires that different normative terms be used by the top-tier rules and by the lower-tier rules.

Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1183-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Brezis ◽  
Tal Galili ◽  
Tiffany Wong ◽  
Judith I. Piggot
Keyword(s):  
Social Processing ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

scholarly journals Mnemonic prediction errors bias hippocampal states

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Bein ◽  
Katherine Duncan ◽  
Lila Davachi
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Memory Updating ◽  
Hippocampal Subfields ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

AbstractIn situations when our experience violates our predictions, it is adaptive to upregulate encoding of novel information, while down-weighting retrieval of erroneous memory predictions to promote an updated representation of the world. We asked whether mnemonic prediction errors promote distinct hippocampal processing ‘states’ by leveraging recent results showing that encoding and retrieval processes are supported by distinct patterns of connectivity, or ‘states’, across hippocampal subfields. During fMRI scanning, participants were cued to retrieve well-learned room-images and were then presented with either an image identical to the learned room or a modified version (1-4 changes). We found that CA1-entorhinal connectivity increased, and CA1-CA3 connectivity decreased, with the number of changes to the learned rooms. Further, stronger memory predictions measured in CA1 during the cue correlated with the CA1-entorhinal connectivity increase in response to violations. Our findings provide a mechanism by which mnemonic prediction errors may drive memory updating - by biasing hippocampal states.

scholarly journals Asymmetry between encoding and retrieval processes: Evidence from divided attention and a calibration analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Naveh-Benjamin ◽  
Fergus I. M. Craik ◽  
Dana Gavrilescu ◽  
Nicole D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

Dual Task Demands On Encoding And Retrieval Processes: Evidence From Healthy Adult Ageing

Cortex ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Logie ◽  
Sergio Della Sala ◽  
Sarah E. MacPherson ◽  
Janine Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval
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