THE USE OF THE PHENOMENON OF SYNESTHESIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MNEMONIC TECHNIQUES BY STUDENTS

Рассматривается проблема разработки и апробации комплекса мнемотехнических приемов «Синестет» в рамках внедрения в образовательный процесс школ и вузов учебного курса «Основы мнемотехники». Проблема обучения мнемотехникам является актуальной для отечественной и зарубежной психолого-педагогической науки и образовательной практики, так как воспроизведение большого количества учебной (научной) информации требует использования ресурсов памяти обучающихся, а на фоне имеющегося дефицита специальных методик и техник запоминания данный процесс становится неэффективным. Теоретической основой исследования являются работы в области нейропсихологии, психофизиологии, нейропедагогики, нейродидактики. Особое внимание уделено изучению феномена синестезии. Результатом внедрения комплекса мнемотехнических приемов «Синестет» является развитие у обучающихся умения и готовности активизировать визуальную, аудиальную и кинестетическую память при восприятии, сохранении, переработке и воспроизведении учебной информации. Высокие результаты достигают обучающиеся, которые проявляют творческую активность и создают персональные системы более рациональной работы памяти на основе учета особенностей функционирования собственной модальности внутреннего опыта (репрезентативной системы). The article examines the problem of developing and testing the complex of mnemonic techniques «Synesthete» within the framework of introducing the training course «Fundamentals of mnemonics» into the educational process of schools and universities. The problem of teaching mnemonic technicians is relevant for domestic and foreign psychological and pedagogical science and educational practice, since the reproduction of a large amount of educational (scientific) information requires the use of students’ memory resources, and against the background of the existing shortage of special methods and techniques of memorization, this process becomes ineffective. The theoretical basis of the research is work in the field of neuropsychology, psychophysiology, neuropedagogy, neurodidactics. Particular attention is paid to the study of the phenomenon of synesthesia. The results of the use of this complex is the development of students – the ability and willingness to activate visual, auditory and kinesthetic memory in the perception, preservation, processing and reproduction of educational information. High results are achieved by students who are creative and create their own systems for more rational work of memory, based on taking into account their own neuropsychological characteristics – the modality of internal experience. The «Synesthete» complex complements and promotes the development of the main methods of mnemonics, such as: the method of associative connections; the method of «Places» for writing texts; eidotechnics; the method of memorizing numerical information and mathematical (chemical, physical) formulas, historical dates; the method of memorizing foreign words.

Mnemonics as the technique of lexico-grammatical skills formation in foreign language lessons

Currently the school is acutely concerned with the use of mnemonic instruction to help remember linguistic phenomena in a foreign language. The article discusses in detail mnemonics and the ways of using them at lessons on English and German at the stage of teaching lexical and grammatical phenomena, ranges mnemonic strategies that assist to remember unfamiliar vocabulary and grammar of the English and German languages more effectively, efficiently and easily, describes algorithms for working with various mnemonic devices, and gives a reference on the possibilities of their modification. The results obtained prove mnemonic techniques are an effective study tool which can be utilized by Russian-speaking students in learning English and German.

Using mnemonic techniques to memorize the tone of Chinese characters

This article is devoted to the use of mnemonic techniques for memorizing the tone of Chinese characters. At present, the ties with the East are strengthening, and more and more people becomeinterested in Chinese. It is difficult to study primarily because of the tones, the incorrect use of which can distort the meaning of a word and even a whole sentence. Therefore, from the first day of training, it is important to pay due attention to them, to practice this aspect. Students who study Chinese may face a number of problems, such as: the inability to distinguish the tone by hearing, the inability to reproduce the basic tones, the inability to remember the correct tone, the inability to reproduce the tones in context, ignorance of phonological rules, mixing tones and intonations. To solve these problems, one can learn the Chinese tones using different resources and techniques. The object of the study is the mnemonic techniques used in the study of Chinese characters. In the course of the study, the following task was set: to determine an effective way of memorizing Chinese characters using mnemonics. The effectiveness of the method was tested experimentally. We have considered examples of legends (stories) created by the authors of the article to remember the direction of the tone. It is important to say these stories-legends aloud, presenting a picture in your head, creating an associative series. The use of mnemonic techniques for memorizing the tone of Chinese characters contributes to the maximum development of imaginative thinking, the creation of stable associations, as well as increasing the time of concentration

Mnemonic Techniques and Lie Detection: Accuracy of Truth and Deception Judgments in Repeated Accounts

This study was an examination into whether the use of memory-enhancing techniques (mnemonics) in interviews can be helpful to distinguish truth tellers from liars. In the previous study (Izotovas et al., 2018), it was found that when mnemonic techniques were used in the interview immediately after the event, truth-tellers reported more details than liars in those immediate interviews and again after a delay. Moreover, truth-tellers, but not liars, showed patterns of reporting indicative of genuine memory decay. In the current experiment, participants (n = 92) were asked to read the repeated statements reported by participants in the Izotovas et al.’s (2018) study and decide whether the statements they read were truthful or deceptive. One group of participants (informed condition) received information about the findings of the previous study before reading the statement. The other group received no information before reading the statement (uninformed condition). After participants made veracity judgements, they were asked an open-ended question asking what factors influenced their credibility decision. Although truthful statements were judged more accurately in the informed condition (65.2%) than in the uninformed condition (47.8%), this difference was not significant. In both conditions deceptive statements were detected at chance level (52.2%). Participants who relied on the self-reported diagnostic verbal cues to deceit were not more accurate than participants who self-reported unreliable cues. This could happen because only the minority of participants (27.4%) in both conditions based their decisions on diagnostic cues to truth/deceit.

MODERN LINGUODIDACTICS AND MNEMONICS: FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF TEACHING STUDENTS HOW TO MEMORIZE NEW VOCABULARY

The paper deals with the search and application of effective methods of memorizing foreign language vocabulary, based on integrative and personal development approaches within the framework of modern linguodidactics. The Internet era, which maximally simplifies the process of searching for and translating foreign words, engender among students a false idea that there is no need to form special skills of memorizing foreign language vocabulary. In this regard, the development of new ways how to activate memory for educational purposes is of particular relevance, as well as the study of such mental processes of memory as memorizing, preserving, reproducing and forgetting. The author refers to some aspects of linguodidactics’ and mnemonics’ historical evolution, foreign and Russian experience of using mnemonic techniques in the process of studying and teaching foreign languages. Memorizing based on mnemonic encoding into images (when objects are linked with existing information in the memory) contributes to the process of mastering foreign language vocabulary, it becomes faster and easier, and it results in a long-term memorization of the material. In the paper, the author shares the practical experience of applying and teaching mnemonic techniques at English classes. The latter include phonetic associations, visual images, pictures, kinesthetic representations. In conclusion, the author makes an inference that it is advisable to teach students the technique of mnemonics as one of the effective ways to facilitate the process of memorizing new vocabulary.

THE MNE-TECHNICAL APPROACHES TO TEACHING HIEROGLYPHIC KEYS (RADICALS) OF IDEOGRAPHIC WRITING IN JAPAN AND CHINA

In the article various approaches to the use of mnemonic techniques in teaching key characters of Japanese and Chinese characters were discussed. The retrospective analysis of mnemonics in a historical aspect is given, modern approaches to mnemonics in pedagogical theory and practice are considered.