Side Constrained Traffic Equilibrium Models—Traffic Management Through Link Tolls

1998 ◽  
pp. 125-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Larsson ◽  
Michael Patriksson
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Models

Traffic Restraint as a Transport Planning Policy 3: The Effects on Different Users

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Wigan
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Equilibrium Models ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Traffic Restraint

Models used to simulate traffic flow and travel demand normally represent traveller behaviour by a single, averaged, group responding to cost, time, and distance changes. For systematic traffic-management measures, such as those of traffic restraint, it is desirable to examine shifts of benefits and costs between different groups of travellers. This requires equilibrium models of two or more types of traveller, each of which responds differently to charges or to travel-time changes. An appropriate technique has been developed to deal with this question, and results are presented in terms of two situations where benefit and cost transfers could arise: The effect of private parking places, and the differential impacts of road pricing.

On Traffic Equilibrium Models with a Nonlinear Time/Money Relation

2006 ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Larsson ◽  
Per Olov Lindberg ◽  
Michael Patriksson ◽  
Clas Rydergren
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Models

Safety Culture and Safety-Relevant Behavior in Air Traffic Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schwarz ◽  
K. Wolfgang Kallus
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Culture Development

Since 2010, air navigation service providers have been mandated to implement a positive and proactive safety culture based on shared beliefs, assumptions, and values regarding safety. This mandate raised the need to develop and validate a concept and tools to assess the level of safety culture in organizations. An initial set of 40 safety culture questions based on eight themes underwent psychometric validation. Principal component analysis was applied to data from 282 air traffic management staff, producing a five-factor model of informed culture, reporting and learning culture, just culture, and flexible culture, as well as management’s safety attitudes. This five-factor solution was validated across two different occupational groups and assessment dates (construct validity). Criterion validity was partly achieved by predicting safety-relevant behavior on the job through three out of five safety culture scores. Results indicated a nonlinear relationship with safety culture scales. Overall the proposed concept proved reliable and valid with respect to safety culture development, providing a robust foundation for managers, safety experts, and operational and safety researchers to measure and further improve the level of safety culture within the air traffic management context.

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