Research on Approaches for Low-Carbon Transportation Strategy from both Supply and Demand Sides

Arresting the emission of road transport is one of the significant issues to develop the low-carbon transportation in urban area. This paper mainly discusses the substantial approaches both from technological and behavioral aspects to reduce even arrest the environmental impact from vehicle emissions. The technological approaches from supply side include constructing the transport facilities, transport system management and technological upgrading of fleet and fuel; while behavior modifications from travel demand side take account of the traffic restraint measures such as road pricing, the promotion of public transport and land use modification. This paper focuses on evaluating the potential and limitations of these approaches through the examples in the countries of the UK, America, Japan, Netherlands, Italy and China.