Absorption Effects in X-Ray Fluorescence Measurement of Elements in Oil

1963 ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
X Ray

Evaluation of geometries appropriate for 125I in vivo bone strontium X-ray fluorescence measurement

2006 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zamburlini ◽  
A. Pejović-Milić ◽  
D. R. Chettle
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
X Ray

133Xe for the in vivo X-ray fluorescence measurement of platinum

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2105-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Ogg ◽  
P A Ali ◽  
A M El-Sharkawi ◽  
D A Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
X Ray

Separation of actinides by extraction chromatography prior to X-ray fluorescence measurement for analytical control of a PUREX test

2007 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marielle Crozet ◽  
Mireille Guigue
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Chromatography ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Purex Process ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Analytical Control ◽  
Performance Control ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Extraction Step ◽  
Extraction Test ◽  
Column Extraction

Five separation methods by Eichrom column extraction chromatography were developed and implemented for performance control of a PUREX (Plutonium, Uranium Refining by EXtraction) test.Four of them, concerning the separation between actinides, are described in this work. The latest, concerning the separation of actinides from fission products in a main raffinate is described in another article submitted to the same journal.For the production of U, Pu and Np streams following the “main extraction” step in the PUREX process, it is necessary to determine the concentration of the two residual actinides in the third actinide stream:A final separation method was developed to quantify the residual U in a Pu/Np flow for the Np/Pu partitioning step of the PUREX process. This separation is a prerequisite for LXF to eliminate any interference due to Pu and Np when measuring the U concentration.These separation methods necessary upstream from the LXF measurement were applied during the PUREX test in 2005 in ATALANTE (French acronym for “Alpha facilities and analysis laboratories, transuranics and reprocessing research”).

Curve fitting using a genetic algorithm for the X-ray fluorescence measurement of lead in bone

2006 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Luo ◽  
D. R. Chettle ◽  
H. Nie ◽  
F. E. McNeill ◽  
M. Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
X Ray

Development of a K-shell x-ray fluorescence measurement of cadmium in bone

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Carew ◽  
J. Gastaldo ◽  
H. A. Roels ◽  
J. M. O'Meara ◽  
D. R. Chettle
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Investigating The Coherent Normalization Method For A Bone Gadolinium X-ray Fluorescence Measurement System: A Monte Carlo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Keldani
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Normalization Method ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
X Ray

Elevated gadolinium levels in patients with healthy renal function exposed to gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA) have been confirmed by studies in the literature. Though the potential long-term effects of the retained gadolinium are still unknown, symptoms such as bone and joint pain have been reported in some subjects. As detecting the presence of gadolinium in vivo is required to diagnose toxicity related medical conditions, a 109Cd based X-ray fluorescence (XRF) bone gadolinium measurement system has been previously developed. The current method is dependent on geometrical factors and other interpatient factors, such as the size and shape of the bone and the tissue thickness overlying the measurement site, which reduces the robustness of the measurement system and causes the need for correction factors. It was previously shown that the successful use of the coherent normalization procedure can eliminate the need for such corrections and is conditional on four criteria that must be met. When detecting gadolinium two of the four criteria are not satisfied which makes further investigation of the method required. This work investigates the feasibility of the coherent normalization method to correct for the effect of varying overlying tissue thickness of an adult population through Monte Carlo simulations. The coherent normalization method was studied as a function of overlying tissue thickness (OTT) to represent varying body types. The average coherent ratio (Gd K X-ray counts/Coherent counts) was found to be 0.717 ± 0.025 and the normalization resulted in a line with a slope of -0.0053± 0.0040 which is insignificant at the 95% confidence level (p = 0.43) suggesting the validity of the method. Additionally, this thesis provides a theoretical explanation of the feasibility of the method regardless of not fulfilling all four criteria, through introducing the Secondary Fluence Fluorescence Factor (SFFF) and separating fluence components, primary and secondary, contributing to the fluorescence of gadolinium.

scholarly journals Investigating The Coherent Normalization Method For A Bone Gadolinium X-ray Fluorescence Measurement System: A Monte Carlo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Keldani
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Normalization Method ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
X Ray

Elevated gadolinium levels in patients with healthy renal function exposed to gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA) have been confirmed by studies in the literature. Though the potential long-term effects of the retained gadolinium are still unknown, symptoms such as bone and joint pain have been reported in some subjects. As detecting the presence of gadolinium in vivo is required to diagnose toxicity related medical conditions, a 109Cd based X-ray fluorescence (XRF) bone gadolinium measurement system has been previously developed. The current method is dependent on geometrical factors and other interpatient factors, such as the size and shape of the bone and the tissue thickness overlying the measurement site, which reduces the robustness of the measurement system and causes the need for correction factors. It was previously shown that the successful use of the coherent normalization procedure can eliminate the need for such corrections and is conditional on four criteria that must be met. When detecting gadolinium two of the four criteria are not satisfied which makes further investigation of the method required. This work investigates the feasibility of the coherent normalization method to correct for the effect of varying overlying tissue thickness of an adult population through Monte Carlo simulations. The coherent normalization method was studied as a function of overlying tissue thickness (OTT) to represent varying body types. The average coherent ratio (Gd K X-ray counts/Coherent counts) was found to be 0.717 ± 0.025 and the normalization resulted in a line with a slope of -0.0053± 0.0040 which is insignificant at the 95% confidence level (p = 0.43) suggesting the validity of the method. Additionally, this thesis provides a theoretical explanation of the feasibility of the method regardless of not fulfilling all four criteria, through introducing the Secondary Fluence Fluorescence Factor (SFFF) and separating fluence components, primary and secondary, contributing to the fluorescence of gadolinium.

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