Effects of 5-HT and GABA agents on aggressive responding of adult men with a history of childhood conduct disorder

2001 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Don R. Cherek ◽  
Scott D. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
History Of ◽  
Childhood Conduct

scholarly journals Towards a molecular epidemiology of alcohol dependence: Analysing the interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (S40) ◽  
pp. s33-s40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Heath ◽  
P. A. F. Madden ◽  
K. K. Bucholz ◽  
L. J. Bierut ◽  
J. B. Whitfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Sensitivity ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Integrate Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Childhood Conduct

BackgroundProgress in identifying genetic factors protective against alcohol dependence (AIcD) requires a paradigm shift in psychiatric epidemiology.AimsTo integrate analysis of research into the genetics of alcoholism.MethodData from prospective questionnaire and interview surveys of the Australian twin panel, and from a subsample who underwent alcohol challenge, were analysed.ResultsIn men, effects of alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2∗1/∗2 genotype or high alcohol sensitivity (risk-decreasing), and of history of childhood conduct disorder, or having monozygotic co-twin or twin sister with AIcD (risk-increasing) were significant and comparable in magnitude. Religious affiliation (Anglican versus other) was associated with the ADH2 genotype, but did not explain the associations with AIcD symptoms. No protective effect of the ADH2∗1/∗2 genotype was observed in women.ConclusionsThe early onset and strong familial aggregation of AIcD, and opportunity for within-family tests of genetic association to avoid confounding effects, make epidemiological family studies of adolescents and young adults and their families a priority.

Early sexual abuse and lifetime psychopathology: a co-twin–control study

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. DINWIDDIE ◽  
A. C. HEATH ◽  
M. P. DUNNE ◽  
K. K. BUCHOLZ ◽  
P. A. F. MADDEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Factors

Background. This study was designed to determine lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders among twins who reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and to compare these rates with those among non-abused co-twins. The contribution of familial and individual-specific factors to reported sexual abuse was also examined.Method. Information about lifetime psychopathology and substance use was obtained by structured telephone interviews with 5995 Australian twins. Twins who reported a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) were contrasted on lifetime psychopathology with subjects without such a history; in addition, comparisons were made between same-sex twin pairs discordant for CSA.Results. A history of CSA was reported by 5·9% of the women and 2·5% of the men. In the sample as a whole, those reporting CSA were more likely to receive lifetime diagnoses of major depression, conduct disorder, panic disorder and alcoholism, and were more likely to report suicidal ideation and a history of suicide attempt. Abused women, but not men, were also more likely to report social phobia. When comparisons were restricted to non-abused co-twins, no differences in psychopathology were seen. However, rates of major depression, conduct disorder and suicidal ideation were higher if both co-twins were abused than if the respondent alone reported CSA. Model-fitting indicated that shared environmental factors influenced risk for reported CSA in women, but not in men.Conclusion. The association between CSA and psychopathology arises at least in part through the influence of shared familial factors on both risk of victimization and risk of psychopathology.

The History of Childhood. Lloyd deMause

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
Carl Pletsch
Keyword(s):  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition in Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110294
Author(s):  
Annie Bérubé ◽  
Jessica Turgeon ◽  
Caroline Blais ◽  
Daniel Fiset
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effects On Children ◽  
Meta Analyses

Child maltreatment has many well-documented lasting effects on children. Among its consequences, it affects children’s recognition of emotions. More and more studies are recognizing the lasting effect that a history of maltreatment can have on emotion recognition. A systematic literature review was conducted to better understand this relationship. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used and four databases were searched, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and FRANCIS, using three cross-referenced key words: child abuse, emotion recognition, and adults. The search process identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the wide variety of measures used to assess child maltreatment as well as the different protocols used to measure emotion recognition. The results indicate that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment show a differentiated reaction to happiness, anger, and fear. Happiness is less detected, whereas negative emotions are recognized more rapidly and at a lower intensity compared to adults not exposed to such traumatic events. Emotion recognition is also related to greater brain activation for the maltreated group. However, the results are less consistent for adults who also have a diagnosis of mental health problems. The systematic review found that maltreatment affects the perception of emotions expressed on both adult and child faces. However, more research is needed to better understand how a history of maltreatment is related to adults’ perception of children’s emotions.

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