The Adverse Outcome Pathway: A Conceptual Framework to Support Toxicity Testing in the Twenty-First Century

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Perkins ◽  
Natàlia Garcia-Reyero ◽  
Stephen Edwards ◽  
Clemens Wittwehr ◽  
Daniel Villeneuve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
First Century ◽  
Adverse Outcome Pathway ◽  
Twenty First Century

Transfer or Translation? Rethinking Traveling Technologies from the Global South

2022 ◽  
pp. 016224392110722
Author(s):  
Miao Lu ◽  
Jack Linchuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Narrow Focus ◽  
New Space ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Human Actors

Technology flows are becoming increasingly diverse in the twenty-first century, calling for an update of concepts and frameworks. Reflecting on the inherent tensions of technology transfer, including its technocratic dreams, insensitivity to technological materiality, and narrow focus on certain human actors, we propose technology translation as a complementary conceptual framework to understand traveling technologies. Taking a socio-technical approach, technology translation views artifacts as socially shaped with distributed agency, which makes technology flows unstable and unpredictable. In so doing, we develop a typology to explain five technology flow scenarios, shedding new light on the mechanisms of technology traveling by foregrounding the role of translators. Last, we discuss the politics of translation and elaborate how technology translation opens new space to engage with the complexity and uncertainty of technology flows, especially in the Global South.

Zebrafish-As an integrative model for twenty-first century toxicity testing

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha S. Sipes ◽  
Stephanie Padilla ◽  
Thomas B. Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
First Century ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Twenty First Century

scholarly journals Twenty-first century approaches to toxicity testing, biomonitoring, and risk assessment: perspectives from the global chemical industry

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D Phillips ◽  
Tina Bahadori ◽  
Brenda E Barry ◽  
James S Bus ◽  
Timothy W Gant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
First Century ◽  
Twenty First Century
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