An Integrative Approach to Dealing with Bereavements

Providing help and support to people experiencing grief after loss is one of the tasks of a psychologist and psychotherapist. Many views of various authors on the process of grieving and criticism of different opinions of each other make it difficult to choose any one theory for dealing with bereavement. The main goal of this paper is to take a holistic view of the course of adaptation to bereavement and create an integrative approach to the process of grieving based on the main principles of positive psychotherapy. To do this, I used the theories of living-through of grieving by Elizabeth Kübler-Ross, John Bowlby, William Worden, Margaret Stroebe and Hank Shute, and Nossrat Peseschkian. Thus, an integrative model of the bereavement experience was created, in which the phases and tasks of two processes were identified: orientation to loss and orientation to restoration. Application of this model, as well as the use of the principles and techniques of positive psychotherapy as a guide, can help a therapist have a holistic view of the process of dealing with bereavement and be as effective as possible in the therapy process. Keywords: grief, grief work bereavement, positive psychotherapy, restoration

Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Homeostasis: A Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes?

Historically, pancreatic islet beta cells have been viewed as principal regulators of glycemia, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) resulting when insulin secretion fails to compensate for peripheral tissue insulin resistance. However, glycemia is also regulated by insulin-independent mechanisms that are dysregulated in T2D. Based on evidence supporting its role both in adaptive coupling of insulin secretion to changes in insulin sensitivity and in the regulation of insulin-independent glucose disposal, the central nervous system (CNS) has emerged as a fundamental player in glucose homeostasis. Here, we review and expand upon an integrative model wherein the CNS, together with the islet, establishes and maintains the defended level of glycemia. We discuss the implications of this model for understanding both normal glucose homeostasis and T2D pathogenesis and highlight centrally targeted therapeutic approaches with the potential to restore normoglycemia to patients with T2D.

Ekolingwistyka w dobie antropocenu: w stronę integracji i konsiliencji

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie głównych wyzwań antropocenu dla językoznawstwa oraz wynikający z nich kierunek rozwoju ekolingwistyki w stronę konsiliencji, rozumianej jako idea systematycznego poszukiwania zależności przyczynowych między zjawiskami z różnych dziedzin wiedzy. Integracyjny model ekolingwistyki, który jest budowany od niespełna dekady, zostanie przedstawiony w powiązaniu z najtrudniejszymi problemami poznawczymi „epoki człowieka”, do których zalicza się przełamywanie antropocentryzmu oraz problematyzowanie pojęcia natury. Odpowiedzią ekolingwistów jest sformułowanie zasady nielokalności języka oraz jego znaturalizowany ogląd w hipotezie rozszerzonej ekologii. Z tymi nowymi ideami wiążą się nadzieje na to, że ekolingwistyka nie będzie traktowana jako tematyczny dział językoznawstwa, a stanie się awangardą w takim myśleniu o języku, które dotrzyma kroku trudnym wyzwaniom antropocenu. Ecolinguistics in the Anthropocene Era: Towards Integration and Consilience Summary: The aim of the paper is to present the main challenges that the Anthropocene presents to linguistics, and discuss the subsequent development of ecolinguistics towards consilience, understood as the idea of a systematic search for causal relationships between phenomena from various fields of science. The integrative model of ecolinguistics, which has been built for less than a decade, will be presented in relation to the most difficult cognitive problems of the Human Era, such as the overcoming of anthropocentrism and the addressing of the concept of nature. The solution proposed by ecolinguists is the principle of the non-locality of language and the nature-oriented view of language that follows the Extended Ecology Hypothesis. These new ideas will, hopefully, lead to considering ecolinguistics not so much as a thematic branch of linguistics, but as the avant-garde in such thinking about language that will keep pace with the challenges of the Anthropocene.

Development of Manakarra Value Integrative Model in Learning Introduction to Education Course

This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective Manakarra value integrative model learning tool that students can implement in the Introduction to Education course. The development of learning tools using the 4-D model and tested on students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tomakaka University, Study Program of Indonesian Language and Literature Education. The research design used One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Data collection was using observation, tests, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used quantitative/qualitative descriptive analysis. Learning the Manakarra value integrative model begins with the validity of learning tools; Model Books, Teaching Materials, Semester Learning Plans (RPS), Student Activity Sheets and Learning Outcomes Test Instruments. Furthermore, a trial was conducted on students in learning the Introduction to Education course. The implementation of the learning stages seen in student learning activities showed a very good improvement and enthusiasm in carrying out learning. Students can follow the learning process by using learning tools developed with high curiosity. The effectiveness of the Manakarra value integrative model from the trial results shows that the integrative model's learning process has succeeded in improving students' critical thinking skills.

The Fear of COVID-19 Pandemic in Triggering Tourists' Material Deprivation, Social Rights, Social Participation, and Cultural Integration: The Mediating Role of Bullying

The paper investigated the impact of the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourists' social exclusion in terms of material deprivation, social rights, social participation, and cultural/normative integration, through the mediating role of bullying, in the early days of COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on social exclusion theory, we adopted a quantitative approach and an integrative model to collect data from 473 tourists through a web-based survey from 5th March to 17th June 2020. The results demonstrated that the fear of COVID-19 has a significant influence on tourists’ social exclusion, and in turn, has led to bullying. Besides, bullying has a significant influence on material deprivation, social rights, social participation, and cultural/normative integration of social participation. In addition, this study determined that the effect of the fear of COVID-19 on tourists' social exclusion is partially mediated by bullying. This study also draws attention to the importance of upholding the values of humanity and positive human transactions in times of crisis and pandemics.

Museums in the Digital Age

In terms of destination image, museums represent a tourism resource of the first magnitude. However, just as the information available online influences visitors’ decision-making about destinations, the internet is also fundamental in promoting and attracting visitors to museums. For that reason, we sought to analyse the online presence of museums in the seven most visited cities in Spain. To examine the museums’ websites, we developed an integrative model based on web content analysis (WCA ) and the extended model of internet commerce adoption (eMICA) that we applied to 77 publicly and privately run museums in Spain. Both WCA and the eMICA indicated that, despite their great economic and touristic scope, museums in Spain's most visited cities tend to mismanage their online presence and communication. We thus tentatively attributed the online presence of museums in Spain to type of museum management and several city-related parameters as explanatory variables. Multiple linear regressions of the variables revealed that, under public management, museums have had better online presence, while their respective cities have attracted more tourists. Those findings imply that museums still have a long way to go when it comes to facilitating effective communication and interaction with their target public, which we address in relation to the study's limitations and directions for future research.

Integrative Model of Strategic Environmental Scanning based on Crises Management Approach

The aim of this study is to examine the way top managers scan environmental conditions to diagnose and interpret issues during periods of crisis. Despite each of these processes being widely and individually represented in the research literature, there is a lack of integrative models that examine their internal dynamics in-depth. In this study, structural equation modeling methodology (EQS 6.3) was applied to a sample of 120 top managers to examine how the cognitive orientation of scanning (rational vs. intuitive analysis of environment) may influence final issue categorizations. The overall findings of the current study show that strategic Environmental Scanning is conducted in UNRWA and has a stoical relation with crises management. This relation is weak and need to be strengthen especially during and after the crisis. The study suggest that strategic Environmental Scanning must be conducted permanently for external and internal environment to help UNRWA developing its strategic planning and to be to prepared to deal with potential crises in the future. Keywords: Strategic Environmental Scanning, Crises Management, UNRWA

Self-Compassion Moderates the Mediating Effect of Self-Criticism in the Link Between Childhood Maltreatment and Psychopathology

Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with psychological symptoms (i.e., psychopathology) among clinical and nonclinical samples. The mechanisms underlying this link have been understudied, especially among well-functioning adults. Arguably, exposure to CM may be translated into negative and critical self-appraisals and self-blame, reflected in high self-criticism. CM may also result in difficulty in extending kindness towards oneself, that is, low self-compassion. These characteristics are linked with elevated psychopathology. Nevertheless, no study has yet tested the extent to which self-criticism and self-compassion may serve as independent mechanisms linking CM and psychopathology and whether in this context self-compassion buffers the link between self-criticism and psychopathology. Here, we tested an integrative model in which the relation between CM and psychopathology was mediated by self-compassion and self-criticism, and the path between self-criticism and psychopathology was moderated by self-compassion. A convenience sample of 914 individuals completed online self-report questionnaires. Results indicated that CM was related to psychopathology through the mediation of self-compassion and self-criticism, with a significant interaction between self-criticism and self-compassion. Showing a moderated-mediational effect, the link between self-criticism and psychopathology was weaker under high than under low levels of self-compassion. Our findings highlight the importance of self-compassion, a robust resilience factor related to reduced psychopathology and moderating the link between self-criticism, a potent transdiagnostic risk factor, and psychopathology in the context of CM. These results thus provide empirical evidence for the relevance of compassion and mindfulness in counseling settings, particularly with CM survivors, who are at greater risk for psychopathology.

Bifurcating the dynamic dominant logic: technical and evolutionary patterns of action

PurposeThis study proposed the integrative model of dynamic dominant logic (DL) with exploitation (EP) and exploration (ER) as a pattern of actions in endeavoring firm performance (FP). This study also intended to explain the multiple patterns of DL in creating technical and evolutionary fitness simultaneously.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a cross-sectional quantitative analysis of the Indonesian commercial banking population facing digital transformation and was analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling through parceling.FindingsThe model confirmed that DL positively affects EP and ER. It also revealed that DL indirectly impacts FP through EP, indicating changes in the traditional banking business through the strong acceptance of “new realities” in adapting to the rapid growth of technology. Hence, this study discovered that during the recent banking digital transformation, the beneficial inertia of the technical pattern of action might lose effectiveness in creating superior performance.Practical implicationsDL is vital in locking short-term performance while maintaining long-term performance opportunities through EP and ER to promote digital transformation. Accordingly, it induced banks to adopt new technology for value creation and fortifying competitive advantage.Originality/valueThis study provided a theory about how DL links the firm's decision-making process by promoting multiple patterns of action in achieving technical and evolutionary fitness. It highlighted the DL as a resource conceptualization that promotes resource development through EP and ER as microfoundation of dynamic capabilities during the tension of institutionalization and digital transformation.