scholarly journals Ex Vivo Functional Evaluation of Synaptic Transmission from Rods to Rod Bipolar Cells in Mice

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Johan Pahlberg ◽  
Anurima Majumder ◽  
Nikolai O. Artemyev
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

scholarly journals Transducin translocation contributes to rod survival and enhances synaptic transmission from rods to rod bipolar cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (30) ◽  
pp. 12468-12473 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Majumder ◽  
J. Pahlberg ◽  
K. K. Boyd ◽  
V. Kerov ◽  
S. Kolandaivelu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

Orexin-B modulates synaptic transmission of rod bipolar cells in rat retina

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 38-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Hua Wu ◽  
Guo-Zhong Xu ◽  
Shi-Jun Weng ◽  
Xiong-Li Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Rat Retina ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

The effects of serotonin agonists and antagonists on the response properties of complex ganglion cells in the rabbit's retina

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Brunken ◽  
Nigel W. Daw
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Orientation Selectivity ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Selective Agonists ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

AbstractSelective agonists and antagonists were employed to determine the role of indoleaminergic amacrine cells in the generation of the light-evoked responses and spontaneous activity of direction and orientation selective cells. Perfusion with 5-HT2 antagonists reduced the spontaneous activity and both the leading and trailing edge responses of ON/OFF direction selective cells. 5-HT1a agonists had a similar effect on this class of cell, namely, a reduction of light-evoked and spontaneous activity. Results from ON-center and OFF-center orientation selective cells were consistent with those obtained from direction selective cells in that no disruption of direction or orientation selectivity was observed during perfusion of these drugs. These data suggest that the indoleaminergic cells are not directly involved in the generation of the trigger features of complex ganglion cells, but may be facilitating synaptic transmission in the inner retina. This function is discussed relative to the connectivity of the rod bipolar cells and the putative indoleaminergic amacrine cells. The similarity of the effects of 5-HT1a agonists and 5-HT2 antagonists supports the hypothesis, developed during our prior studies of brisk ganglion cells, that these two receptor classes mediate antagonistic processes in the target neurons.

Identification of a G-protein in depolarizing rod bipolar cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noga Vardi ◽  
Diane F. Matesic ◽  
David R. Manning ◽  
Paul A. Liebman ◽  
Peter Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Protein G ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gated Channel ◽  
Phototransduction Cascade ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

AbstractSynaptic transmission from photoreceptors to depolarizing bipolar cells is mediated by the APB glutamate receptor. This receptor apparently is coupled to a G-protein which activates cGMP-phosphodiesterase to modulate cGMP levels and thus a cGMP-gated cation channel. We attempted to localize this system immunocytochemically using antibodies to various components of the rod phototransduction cascade, including Gt (transducin), phosphodiesterase, the cGMP-gated channel, and arrestin. All of these antibodies reacted strongly with rods, but none reacted with bipolar cells. Antibodies to a different G-protein, Go, reacted strongly with rod bipolar cells of three mammalian species (which are depolarizing and APB-sensitive). Also stained were subpopulations of cone bipolar cells but not the major depolarizing type in cat (b1). Go antibody also stained certain salamander bipolar cells. Thus, across a wide range of species, Go is present in retinal bipolar cells, and at least some of these are depolarizing and APB-sensitive.

Patch-Clamp Investigations and Compartmental Modeling of Rod Bipolar Axon Terminals in an In Vitro Thin-Slice Preparation of the Mammalian Retina

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 1171-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Oltedal ◽  
Svein Harald Mørkve ◽  
Margaret Lin Veruki ◽  
Espen Hartveit
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Slice Preparation ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Whole Cell Recordings ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

To extend the usefulness of rod bipolar cells for studies of chemical synaptic transmission, we have performed electrophysiological recordings from rod bipolar axon terminals in an in vitro slice preparation of the rat retina. Whole cell recordings from axon terminals and cell bodies were used to investigate the passive membrane properties of rod bipolar cells and analyzed with a two-compartment equivalent electrical circuit model developed by Mennerick et al. For both terminal- and soma-end recordings, capacitive current decays were well fitted by biexponential functions. Computer simulations of simplified models of rod bipolar cells demonstrated that estimates of the capacitance of the axon terminal compartment can depend critically on the recording location, with terminal-end recordings giving the best estimates. Computer simulations and whole cell recordings demonstrated that terminal-end recordings can yield more accurate estimates of the peak amplitude and kinetic properties of postsynaptic currents generated at the axon terminals due to increased electrotonic filtering of these currents when recorded at the soma. Finally, we present whole cell and outside-out patch recordings from axon terminals with responses evoked by GABA and glycine, spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents, voltage-gated Ca2+ currents, and depolarization-evoked reciprocal synaptic responses, verifying that the recorded axon terminals are involved in normal pre- and postsynaptic relationships. These results demonstrate that axon terminals of rod bipolar cells are directly accessible to whole cell and outside-out patch recordings, extending the usefulness of this preparation for detailed studies of pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms of synaptic transmission in the CNS.

scholarly journals A Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel Mediates Synaptic Transmission in Rod Bipolar Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (19) ◽  
pp. 6088-6093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shen ◽  
J. A. Heimel ◽  
M. Kamermans ◽  
N. S. Peachey ◽  
R. G. Gregg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

scholarly journals Activation of rod input in a model of retinal degeneration reverses retinal remodeling and induces formation of normal synapses, circuitry and visual signaling in the adult retina

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wang ◽  
Johan Pahlberg ◽  
Jon Cafaro ◽  
Alapakkam P. Sampath ◽  
Greg D. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Bipolar Cell ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Rod Photoreceptors ◽  
Retinal Remodeling ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

AbstractA major cause of human blindness is the death of rod photoreceptors. As rods degenerate, synaptic structures between rod and rod bipolar cells dissolve and the rod bipolar cells extend their dendrites and occasionally make aberrant contacts. Such changes are broadly observed in blinding disorders caused by photoreceptor cell death and is thought to occur in response to deafferentation. How the remodeled retinal circuit affect visual processing following rod rescue is not known. To address this question, we generated transgenic mice wherein a disrupted cGMP-gated channel (CNG) gene can be repaired at the endogenous locus and at different stages of degeneration by tamoxifen-inducible cre-mediated recombination. In normal rods, light-induced closure of CNG channels leads to hyperpolarization of the cell, reducing neurotransmitter release at the synapse. Similarly, rods lacking CNG channel exhibit a resting membrane potential that was ~10mV hyperpolarized compared to WT rods, indicating diminished glutamate release. Retinas from these mice undergo stereotypic retinal remodeling as a consequence of rod malfunction and degeneration. Upon tamoxifen-induced expression of CNG channels, rods recovered their structure and exhibited normal light responses. Moreover, we show that the adult mouse retina displays a surprising degree of plasticity upon activation of rod input. Wayward bipolar cell dendrites establish contact with rods to support normal synaptic transmission, which is propagated to the retinal ganglion cells. These findings demonstrate remarkable plasticity extending beyond the developmental period and support efforts to repair or replace defective rods in patients blinded by rod degeneration.Significance StatementCurrent strategies for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders are focused on the repair of the primary affected cell type. However, the defective neuron functions within a complex neural circuitry, which also becomes degraded during disease. It is not known whether a rescued neuron and the remodeled circuit will establish communication to regain normal function. We show that the adult mammalian neural retina exhibits a surprising degree of plasticity following rescue of rod photoreceptors. The wayward rod bipolar cell dendrites re-establish contact with rods to support normal synaptic transmission, which is propagated to the retinal ganglion cells. These findings support efforts to repair or replace defective rods in patients blinded by rod cell loss.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document