Introduction: Reporting Human Rights, Conflicts, and Peacebuilding—Critical and Global Perspectives

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Seaga Shaw ◽  
Senthan Selvarajah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Rights Conflicts

Conflicts between Human Rights and the ECtHR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Smet
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
European Court ◽  
Rights Conflicts

This chapter proposes a structured balancing test for the resolution of human rights conflicts. The chapter first critiques the European Court of Human Right’s ad hoc balancing approach to human rights conflicts. Analysis of a pair of concrete judgments—Obst v. Germany and Schüth v. Germany—illustrates the shortcomings of that approach. The chapter then proposes an alternative, structured balancing test. The structured balancing test, composed of a limited set of seven balancing criteria, relies on comparison of the relative strength of reasons in favour of conflicting human rights to determine which right should prevail in a given conflict. By doing away with contested balancing notions, such as ‘weight’ and ‘scales’, the structured balancing test also aims to overcome the incommensurability challenge to balancing. The test is finally applied to Obst and Schüth to illustrate how its use could improve the Court’s adjudicatory practice.

When Human Rights Clash at the European Court of Human Rights

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Reasonable Disagreement ◽  
European Court ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
Rights Conflicts

This book aims to answer key questions surrounding (purported) conflicts of human rights at the European Court of Human Rights. Some of these questions concern the very existence of human rights conflicts. Can human rights really conflict with one another? Or should they be interpreted in harmony with one another? Other questions relate to the resolution of genuine human rights conflicts. How should such genuine conflicts be resolved? To what extent is balancing desirable? And which understanding of balancing should be employed? Throughout the book, contributors aim to answer these questions by engaging in concerted debate on both the existence and resolution of human rights conflicts. To increase its practical relevance, the discussion is framed around leading judgments of the European Court. The book ultimately aims to suggests, through the prism of reasonable disagreement, concrete ways forward in the ongoing debate on human rights conflicts at Europe’s human rights court.

Semi-liberal constitutionalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-122
Author(s):  
GILA STOPLER
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Normative Commitment ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Liberal Constitutionalism ◽  
Liberal Rights ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Israeli Supreme Court ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Constitutional Regime ◽  
Rights Conflicts

Abstract:The article examines the conceptual category of semi-liberal constitutionalism and offers some thoughts on the unique normative challenges that arise in the resolution of human rights conflicts in semi-liberal constitutional systems. Under the definition offered a semi-liberal constitutional system is a system that meets two conditions: first, it exhibits a simultaneous dual normative commitment to liberal rights and principles and to other values or interests that result in enduring and significant restrictions on some of these rights; second, this dual normative commitment is constitutive and is expressed in the basic elements of the system. Describing the problem of shaping and interpreting normative commitments in a semi-liberal constitutional regime, the article argues that an insufficient understanding of semi-liberal normativity may result in skewed reasoning by both courts and policymakers trying to resolve human rights conflicts in semi-liberal constitutional regimes, because the application of liberal rights reasoning in semi-liberal settings neglects the power differentials inherent in such systems and tends to overprotect the rights of some at the expense of the rights of others. Offering Israel as an example of a semi-liberal constitutional system and using one aspect of its semi-liberal nature – the structure of its religion–state relations and specifically of its religious personal laws – the article analyses three decisions of the Israeli Supreme Court, pointing to the special difficulties arising in such settings and offering critiques and corrections to the Court’s rulings where applicable.

Introduction—Conflicts of Rights in Theoretical and Comparative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Smet
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Winner Take All ◽  
Conflicts Of Rights ◽  
Take All ◽  
Rights Conflicts

This introductory chapter frames the book’s debate by delineating the extent of persistent reasonable disagreement on both the existence and resolution of human rights conflicts in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. Drawing on the core arguments of the book’s substantive chapters, the introduction highlights the central cleavages in the debate. The chapter first discusses arguments deployed to deny the very existence of conflicts of rights, as well as available counterarguments. It goes on to provide insight in different strategies aimed at minimizing the occurrence of conflicts. It finally suggests that the resolution of genuine human rights conflicts runs along four axes: balancing versus non-balancing; compromise versus winner-take-all; ad hoc balancing versus definitional balancing; and substantive reasoning versus procedural checks. Where useful, the chapter provides linkages to broader scholarly and judicial debates by accentuating relevant theoretical approaches and comparative materials.

scholarly journals EFEITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DA HIDRELÉTRICA DE TUCURUÍ EM AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violação de direitos, conflitos e recomposição territorial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 202011
Author(s):  
Aquiles Simões ◽  
Matheus Benassuly
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Mode De Vie ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Dam Building ◽  
Rights Conflicts

SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE TUCURUÍ HYDROELECTRIC PLANT IN AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violation of rights, conflicts and territorial recompositionIMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX DU BARRAGE DE TUCURUÍ À AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violation des droits, conflits et recomposition territorialeRESUMOObjetiva-se demonstrar como os efeitos decorrentes da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí incidem sobre o modo de vida ribeirinho, em uma comunidade de pescadores estabelecidos à jusante da barragem, no município de Baião-PA. Os pescadores exprimem, à sua maneira, a necessidade de reparação dos direitos que vêm sendo violados pela ação da Hidrelétrica. Com base no método compreensivo foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e reuniões para o diálogo crítico com os pescadores. Conclui-se que os efeitos socioambientais provocados pela construção da barragem incidem diretamente sobre os direitos humanos, instituem conflitos e ameaçam a manutenção dos modos de reprodução dos ribeirinhos, traduzindo-se em processos de desterritorialização e reterritorialização.Palavras-chave: Baixo Tocantins; Pescadores; Flechação; Deslocamento.ABSTRACTThe goal is to demonstrate how the effects of the construction of Tucuruí Hydro Plant focus on riversides livehood, in a community of fishermen established downstream of the dam, in Baião-PA. The fishermen express, by his own way, need to repair violated rights by the Plant activity. By the comprehensive method, we did semi-estructurated enterviews and some meetings to critic dialogue with the fishermen. The conclusion is wich the socio-environment effects from the dam building focus on the human rights, found conflicts and menace the maintenance of the riverside reproduction ways, traducing in the deterritorialization and reterritorialization processes.Keywords: Baixo Tocantins; Fishermen; Flechação; Displacement. RÉSUMÉL'objectif est de démontrer comment les effets résultant de la construction de l'hydroélectrique de Tucuruí affectent le mode de vie riverain, dans une communauté de pêcheurs établie en aval du barrage, dans la municipalité de Baião-PA. Les pêcheurs expriment, à leur manière, la nécessité de réparer les droits qui ont été violés par l'action de l'hydroélectrique. Soutenu par la démarche compréhensive, des entretiens semi-structurés et des réunions ont été organisés pour un dialogue critique avec les pêcheurs. Il est conclu que les effets socio-environnementaux causés par la construction du barrage affectent directement les droits de l'homme, instituent des conflits et menacent le maintien des modes de reproduction riverain, se traduisant par des processus de déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation.Mots-clés: Baixo Tocantins; Pêcheurs; Flechação; Déplacement.

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