Comprehensive Direct Georeferencing of Aerial Images for Unmanned Aerial Systems Applications

Optical image sensors are the most common remote sensing data acquisition devices present in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). In this context, assigning a location in a geographic frame of reference to the acquired image is a necessary task in the majority of the applications. This process is denominated direct georeferencing when ground control points are not used. Despite it applies simple mathematical fundamentals, the complete direct georeferencing process involves much information, such as camera sensor characteristics, mounting measurements, attitude and position of the UAS, among others. In addition, there are many rotations and translations between the different reference frames, among many other details, which makes the whole process a considerable complex operation. Another problem is that manufacturers and software tools may use different reference frames posing additional difficulty when implementing the direct georeferencing. As this information is spread among many sources, researchers may face difficulties on having a complete vision of the method. In fact, there is absolutely no paper in the literature that explain this process in a comprehensive way. In order to supply this implicit demand, this paper presents a comprehensive method for direct georeferencing of aerial images acquired by cameras mounted on UAS, where all required information, mathematical operations and implementation steps are explained in detail. Finally, in order to show the practical use of the method and to prove its accuracy, both simulated and real flights were performed, where objects of the acquired images were georeferenced.

The Role of the Malaysian Islamic Development Corporation in Monitoring Halal Food and Cosmetic Products: A Descriptive Analysis Case

This study aims to highlight the guiding, and moral role that the Malaysian Foundation for Islamic Development presents in all aspects of Malaysian life as a complete and comprehensive method advocated by Islam as a law that draws from the Sharia and its provisions based on the prophetic saying: “The permissible is clear, and the forbidden is clear, and there are suspicious matters between them that many people are not aware of…”. It also shows that Malaysian Foundation for Halal food act rely on consuming Halal meet only, with permissibility to benefit from slaughtered animals' skin as pure material which was given to us by Allah. The study also shows the Foundation’s interest in following up the non-Muslim community’s treatment of animals, and that they should treat them with respect and care. The Foundation advocates to perform slaughtering animals as stipulated in Shariah, avoiding electric-shock of animals, or throwing them in an inhuman manner. In order to make this goal a reality on the ground, the Foundation appeals to the regulatory authorities to follow up the implementation of the standard specifications for halal products. The Malaysian foundation focuses on halal food ingredients, cosmetics products, medicines, and other Halal related products that are useful to the mankind, accompanied by ethical standards. The researcher relied on the descriptive and deductive analytical method, with the aim to reach the desired outcomes. The study includes two axes: First, it deals with the role of the Malaysian Development Foundation in supervising exports and imports of Malaysian food and medicine products. Second: it studies the situation of the (Halal) brand logo on Malaysian products assessing its profitability in international trade arena and Shariah supervisory professionalism which is adhered to by the Foundation

Modelling of communicants' strategic plans in personal German-language interview

This article describes and tests the author's methodology for analyzing the specifics of interaction and the implementation of communicants' strategic plans in personal German-language interview. The author's understanding of the personal interview as a communicative event, in which the interaction of communicative processes of varying degrees of complexity and structure is implemented, implies a detailed study of the conditions and nature of each of them. In order to study communicative activity and features of interaction in the personal German-speaking interview, which has such characteristics as goal-setting and spontaneity, ritualization and self-organization, the presence of subject-logical and psycho-social plans of interaction development, the author undertakes to develop a comprehensive method of analysis. The material for the study in this article was an interview with the renowned German literary critic Marcel Reich-Ranicki Hasste Marcel Reich-Ranicki wirklich die Frauen?. The linguistic material was examined in detail using a transcript of the video interview created with the FOLKER / Exmaralda programme (Institut fr Deutsche Sprache) in accordance with the GAT2 transcription system. The complex method of analysis described in this article is based on the theoretical postulates and practical methods of the current trends in modern linguistics and communication research. It enables the study of the peculiarities of communicative interaction and the analysis of verbal realization of communicants' strategic programs. As a result of the application of the described complex method of analysis the author identified structural and discursive units of analysis and made a conclusion that the core of the interviewer's strategic program forms the strategy of information request with the dominance of tactics of argumentation and establishing and maintaining intersubjective relations. The interviewee's strategic program is constituted by the strategy of self-presentation, the core of which in this interview are the tactics of enhancing one's own image and the tactics of informing.

Assessing equity of the spatial distribution of primary health care facilities in Fuzhou City, China: A comprehensive method

Background It is well known that equity assessment of the spatial distribution of primary health care facilities (PHCFs) is significant to optimize the allocation of health care resources and enhance the ability to react to public health emergencies, yet there is much discussion about the poor effectiveness of assessment for many cities due to the limitations of the insufficient ability of traditional data to reflect residents’ demands, etc. In many cities where PHCFs are inequity distributed, this is urgently needed for the government. Methods Using Fuzhou City, China as a case study, we propose a comprehensive method for assessing the equity that consisting of two frameworks based on the Geographic Information System. The first framework is assessing resident demand based on daily demand and potential demand, and the second is assessing PHCFs supply based on road impedance. This method combines an index system based on multi-source data and a spatial matching analysis between resident demand and PHCFs supply based on the supply-demand disparity index. Results The demand degree for the PHCFs and the supply degree of accessing the PHCFs of different residential areas differ to great extents. The equity of the spatial distribution of PHCFs shows well overall, but there is still a lack of equity in local areas. The number of the residential areas with the lowest equity, insufficient supply and oversupply accounted for 10.31% and 39.00% respectively; the former is mainly gathered in a concentrated form at the edge and in a scattered form inside, and the latter is distributed in the interior mostly in a concentrated manner. Conclusion The key findings highlight several aspects of improving the layout of PHCFs such as strengthen an in-depth analysis on residents’ demand. This study contributes to a more accurate equity assessment, and further improves the layout of health care facilities.

A Comprehensive Analysis Structure for the Design of Masonry Arches

Background: Structural masonry framing has the potential to be an advantageous design technique for new constructions. The realization of this potential requires both design modernizations and accessible analysis methodologies. The focus and understanding of masonry frames have been directed towards the management and preservation of cultural heritage. This has resulted in an assessment approach to the analysis and duality of the term “masonry” to describe both a material and a method of construction. Objectives: The objective of this work is to differentiate masonry as a method and masonry as a material and to use this differentiation to present a comprehensive method-based analysis structure for masonry arches that is formulated around the need to control and optimize the system. Methods: This work presents an analysis approach that defines and utilizes kinematic equilibrium to establish determinant systems. This is achieved through the inclusion of a loading variable to a defined mechanical condition of the arch. The solution to the equilibrium equation sets is evaluated for admissibility through the examination of the thrust line and arch geometry. The simplified analysis is formulated into a simple software structure, a first-order assessment strategy, a characterization technique to link experiment and theory, and carried to dynamic modeling. Results: The results of the approach are the foundation and blueprint for a comprehensive, efficient, and adaptable structural analysis platform designed for the structural analysis of masonry frames. Conclusion: The developed analysis approach and supporting applications cover the base requirements for promoting the application of masonry frames for new constructions.

Application of improved percutaneous cystolithotripsy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Introduction. The article presents an improved method of percutaneous cystolithotripsy. The results of its application are described and a comparison is made with the traditional method of transurethral cystolithotripsy with lithoextraction. The study objective is development of a comprehensive method of treating patients with bladder stones arising against the background of bladder outlet obstruction caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), assessment of its effectiveness and safety.Materials and methods. The treatment was carried out in 56 patients with bladder stones arising on the background of BPH at the age from 42 to 89 years. According to the proposed method, 20 patients with BPH (main group) were operated on. Transurethral cystolithotripsy (control group) was performed in 36 patients. The results of the performed operations were compared with each other.Results. According to the comparison results, it is noted that the proposed method of percutaneous cystolithotripsy is performed faster and more efficiently, due to the fixation of the calculus in the basket. Due to the presence of a laparoscopic bag that completely isolates the stone from the bladder wall, there were no intraoperative complications. Drug therapy made it possible to quickly level the symptoms of cystitis. The patients were discharged 4-6 days after surgery with a cystostomy, which was removed after treatment for BPH.Conclusion. The proposed complex treatment of patients with bladder stones on the background of BPH is a safe method and has clear advantages over traditional transurethral, contact cystolithotripsy with lithoextraction.

Leveraging contextual embeddings and self-attention neural networks with bi-attention for sentiment analysis

People express their opinions and views in different and often ambiguous ways, hence the meaning of their words is often not explicitly stated and frequently depends on the context. Therefore, it is difficult for machines to process and understand the information conveyed in human languages. This work addresses the problem of sentiment analysis (SA). We propose a simple yet comprehensive method which uses contextual embeddings and a self-attention mechanism to detect and classify sentiment. We perform experiments on reviews from different domains, as well as on languages from three different language families, including morphologically rich Polish and German. We show that our approach is on a par with state-of-the-art models or even outperforms them in several cases. Our work also demonstrates the superiority of models leveraging contextual embeddings. In sum, in this paper we make a step towards building a universal, multilingual sentiment classifier.