Waste to Energy: Biogas from Municipal Solid Waste for Power Generation

A common perception of plasma arc treatment systems for municipal solid waste incineration ash is that the resulting vitrified slag is inert from an environmental perspective. Research was conducted to examine this hypothesis and to assess whether reduced pollutant release results from pollutant depletion during the process of the ash with plasma, or encapsulation in the glassy vitrified matrix. The concentrations of four discrete municipal solid waste incineration ash samples before and after plasma arc vitrification in a bench-scale unit were compared. Slag and untreated ash samples were leached using several standardized approaches and mobility among the four metals of interest (e.g. As, Cd, Pb and Sb) varied across samples, but was generally high (as high as 100% for Cd). Comparison across methods did not indicate substantial encapsulation in the vitrified slag, which suggests that reduced pollutant release from plasma arc vitrified slag is due to pollutant depletion by volatilization, not encapsulation. This has significant implications for the management of air pollution control residues from waste-to-energy facilities using plasma arc vitrification.

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A Techno-Economic Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Conversion to Energy in Indonesia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7232

Author(s):

Muhammad Mufti Azis ◽

Jonas Kristanto ◽

Chandra Wahyu Purnomo

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Capital Investment ◽

Electricity Price ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Operational Cost ◽

Internal Rate Of Return ◽

Sensitive Factor

Municipal solid waste (MSW) processing is still problematic in Indonesia. From the hierarchy of waste management, it is clear that energy recovery from waste could be an option after prevention and the 5R (rethink, refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle) processes. The Presidential Regulation No 35/2018 mandated the acceleration of waste-to-energy (WtE) plant adoption in Indonesia. The present study aimed to demonstrate a techno-economic evaluation of a commercial WtE plant in Indonesia by processing 1000 tons of waste/day to produce ca. 19.7 MW of electricity. The WtE electricity price is set at USD 13.35 cent/kWh, which is already higher than the average household price at USD 9.76 cent/kWh. The capital investment is estimated at USD 102.2 million. The annual operational cost is estimated at USD 12.1 million and the annual revenue at USD 41.6 million. At this value, the internal rate of return (IRR) for the WtE plant is 25.32% with a payout time (PoT) of 3.47 years. In addition, this study also takes into account electricity price sales, tipping fee, and pretreatment cost of waste. The result of a sensitivity analysis showed that the electricity price was the most sensitive factor. This study reveals that it is important to maintain a regulated electricity price to ensure the sustainability of the WtE plant in Indonesia.

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A novel transdisciplinary paradigm for municipal solid waste to energy

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.402 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 233 ◽

pp. 880-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mir Sayed Shah Danish ◽

Tomonobu Senjyu ◽

Hameedullah Zaheb ◽

Najib Rahman Sabory ◽

Abdul Matin Ibrahimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Waste To Energy

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Utilization of hydrogen in low calorific value producer gas derived from municipal solid waste and biodiesel for diesel engine power generation application

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 1253-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

V.S. Yaliwal ◽

N.R. Banapurmath ◽

R.S. Hosmath ◽

S.V. Khandal ◽

Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Producer Gas ◽

Engine Power

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Studies on thermoelectric power generation consuming municipal solid waste (MSW) and using bubbling fluidized bed gasifier

10.47749/t/unicamp.2016.971358 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Andres Felipe Rodriguez Torres

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Thermoelectric Power ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Thermoelectric Power Generation ◽

Bubbling Fluidized Bed ◽

Fluidized Bed Gasifier

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Numerical Analysis of Size Reduction of Municipal Solid Waste Particles on the Traveling Grate of a Waste-to-Energy Combustion Chamber

14th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec14-3193 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masato Nakamura ◽

Marco J. Castaldi ◽

Nickolas J. Themelis

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Size Change ◽

Model Combining ◽

Shrinking Core ◽

Waste Particles

The size reduction of municipal solid waste (MSW) particles on the reverse acting traveling grate of a waste-to-energy (WTE) combustion chamber was estimated by means of a numerical model combining the particle size distributions (PSD) of MSW and combustion residues and the Shrinking Core Model (SCM). This new integrated model was used to simulate the particle behavior on the grate. During their travel on the moving grate, the sizes of the particles are reduced by combustion, breakage, and compaction. This study shows the calculation of the particle size change using this model and comparison of the numerically derived PSDs of MSW and ash particles with experimental data. There is good agreement between calculated and measured values.

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