Economic Tendency Surveys in Brazil: Main Features and Uses

Author(s):  
Aloisio Campelo
Keyword(s):  
1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. M. Ouddeken ◽  
Gerrit M. Zijlmans

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Emilia Tomczyk

In this paper, trends, business cycle correlates and macroeconomic patterns in response rates are explored. Two groups of respondents taking part in the RIED (Research Institute for Economic Development of the Warsaw School of Economics) economic tendency survey are taken into consideration: industrial enterprises and households. Empirical analysis indicates that household response rates rise slightly with consumer price index, and decline during current expansion phase of the economy. Gender, geographical location and city / country residence are not factors in determining household response rate dynamics. In case of industrial enterprises, willingness to answer seems to rise when business conditions deteriorate, and vice versa, although this effect is small in terms of absolute values of correlation coefficients. Non-response is found to be higher when economy expands but the relationship is weak.


1998 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Tutz

SummaryFor panels which are observed over a long time it has to be assumed that the effects of covariates vary across time. An estimation method based on local likelihood principles is proposed which allows to estimate the variation of coefficients in the case of discrete responses. Approximate confidence intervals are derived for the estimates. The method is applied to business tendency surveys and the results are compared to the extended Kaiman filtering approach.


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