The battery quick exchange mode is an effective solution to resolve the battery charging problem of electric vehicle. For the electric vehicle battery distribution network with the battery quick exchange mode, the distribution model and algorithm are researched; the general mathematical model to take delivery of the vehicle routing problem with time window (VRP-SDPTW) is established. By analyzing the relationship between the main variables, structure priority function of the initial population, a new front crossover operator, swap mutation operator and reverse mutation operator are designed, and an improved genetic algorithm solving VRP-SDPTW is constructed. The algorithm could overcome the traditional genetic algorithm premature convergence defects. The example shows that the improved genetic algorithm can be effective in the short period of time to obtain the satisfactory solution of the VRP-SDPTW.