Small Cell Lung Cancer: Treatment for Extensive Stage Disease

2004 ◽  
pp. 287-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Hanna ◽  
L. H. Einhorn
Lung Cancer ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. S34-S35
Author(s):  
Viktors Kozirovskis ◽  
Vija Bērziņa ◽  
Aija Geriņa-Bērziņa ◽  
Elīna Skuja ◽  
Arturs Šorubalko ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. LAKTIONOV ◽  
K. A. SARANTSEVA ◽  
V. V. BREDER ◽  
M. A. OKRUZHNOVA ◽  
M. V. PEREGUDOVA

Oncology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venu Madhav Konala ◽  
Bhaskar Reddy Madhira ◽  
Sara Ashraf ◽  
Stephen Graziano

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the United States and around the world. Approximately 13% of lung cancers are small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC is generally classified as a limited-stage and extensive-stage disease depending on the extent of involvement. For patients with the extensive-stage disease, until recently, chemotherapy alone has been the recommended treatment, although radiotherapy could be used in select patients for palliation of symptoms. The standard of care for extensive-stage SCLC is platinum doublet chemotherapy with either cisplatin or carboplatin in combination with etoposide. Even though first-line therapy has an initial response rate of 60–80%, the prognosis is poor, with overall survival of 10–12 months. The only FDA-approved second line of therapy is topotecan, approved both as an intravenous formulation as well as an oral formulation, with response rates of 6–12% in chemorefractory disease and 15–37% in chemosensitive disease. Immunotherapy has recently been approved as a first-line agent in metastatic SCLC in combination with chemotherapy. It is also approved as a third-line agent in metastatic SCLC after the failure of two chemotherapy regimens. The FDA approved four drugs, two of them being PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab), and two of them being PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab and durvalumab) in SCLC. This review article summarizes the significance of immunotherapy in the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC, its side effects, and limitations.


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