The application of synergetics as a modern transdisciplinary science in radiation physics is discussed. It is shown that the basic concepts of synergetics are very well applicable to the description of the number of radiation processes both in the volume of crystals and on their surfaces. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by the example of the description of the sputtering processes of solids under bombardment by molecular ions and of the explanation of the radiation accident of the «Phobos-Grunt» spacecraft.