Gauge Theory and Nuclear Structure

All ingredients of the previous chapters are combined in order to build a gauge invariant theory of the interactions among the elementary particles. We start with a unified model of the weak and the electromagnetic interactions. The gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken through the BEH mechanism and we identify the resulting BEH boson. Then we describe the theory known as quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a gauge theory of the strong interactions. We present the property of confinement which explains why the quarks and the gluons cannot be extracted out of the protons and neutrons to form free particles. The last section contains a comparison of the theoretical predictions based on this theory with the experimental results. The agreement between theory and experiment is spectacular.

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Integrability: From Statistical Systems to Gauge Theory

10.1093/oso/9780198828150.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Field Theory ◽

Gauge Theory ◽

Summer School ◽

Condensed Matter ◽

Theoretical Physics ◽

Conformal Field ◽

The Past ◽

Background Material ◽

Supersymmetric Gauge ◽

Statistical Systems

This volume contains lectures delivered at the Les Houches Summer School ‘Integrability: from statistical systems to gauge theory’ held in June 2016. The School was focussed on applications of integrability to supersymmetric gauge and string theory, a subject of high and increasing interest in the mathematical and theoretical physics communities over the past decade. Relevant background material was also covered, with lecture series introducing the main concepts and techniques relevant to modern approaches to integrability, conformal field theory, scattering amplitudes, and gauge/string duality. The book will be useful not only to those working directly on integrablility in string and guage theories, but also to researchers in related areas of condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics.

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Nuclear Electrons and Nuclear Structure

10.1093/oso/9780198827870.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Roger H. Stuewer

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Structure ◽

Beta Decay ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Alpha Particle ◽

Continuous Distribution ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Light Nuclei ◽

Coincidence Method ◽

Wolfgang Pauli ◽

Beta Particles

Serious contradictions to the existence of electrons in nuclei impinged in one way or another on the theory of beta decay and became acute when Charles Ellis and William Wooster proved, in an experimental tour de force in 1927, that beta particles are emitted from a radioactive nucleus with a continuous distribution of energies. Bohr concluded that energy is not conserved in the nucleus, an idea that Wolfgang Pauli vigorously opposed. Another puzzle arose in alpha-particle experiments. Walther Bothe and his co-workers used his coincidence method in 1928–30 and concluded that energetic gamma rays are produced when polonium alpha particles bombard beryllium and other light nuclei. That stimulated Frédéric Joliot and Irène Curie to carry out related experiments. These experimental results were thoroughly discussed at a conference that Enrico Fermi organized in Rome in October 1931, whose proceedings included the first publication of Pauli’s neutrino hypothesis.

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Gauge theory incorporating automatically confined fields

Journal of Physics A General Physics ◽

10.1088/0305-4470/15/2/030 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 637-643

Author(s):

R H T Bates

Keyword(s):

Gauge Theory

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