Awkward Powers: Escaping Traditional Great and Middle Power Theory

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Dionysis Markakis

This chapter assesses whether and how India is developing into a rising power in the Persian Gulf. Dionysis Markakis approaches India’s reconnection with the region in terms of ‘middle power theory’ and disaggregates the dominant economic, sociocultural, and military drivers of Indian policies in the Persian Gulf. Markakis suggests that India is still attempting to carve out its niche in the international system and that multiple factors lie behind its reticence to engage proactively in regional and world affairs. These include the strong element of multilateral alignment that runs through Indian foreign policy as well as domestic institutional weaknesses within the structure of Indian government itself. For Markakis, a primary challenge for Indian policymakers is how to outline a more proactive, rather than reactive, approach to foreign policy and the conception and exercise of power.


2020 ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
May Darwich

The Middle East has often been characterized as a regional system without a regional hegemon. Although several Arab and non-Arab states have aspired to regional hegemony over the decades, none have succeeded. Instead, the structure of the regional system has constituted an important stimulus for the emergence of regional middle powers. The traditional contenders for regional leadership at the core of the Arab system—Egypt, Syria, and Iraq—are further domestically weakened and unable to play a leading, let alone independent, regional role.


2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
pp. 1043-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Morimoto ◽  
Shintaro Negishi ◽  
Satoshi Takayama ◽  
Atsushi Ishigame

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