Finding a common ordination for several data sets by individual differences scaling

Vegetatio ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari Oksanen ◽  
Pertti Huttunen
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Individual Differences Scaling

Properties of individual differences scaling and its interpretation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Gower ◽  
Niël J. Le Roux ◽  
Sugnet Gardner-Lubbe
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Differences Scaling

scholarly journals The truth revisited: Bayesian analysis of individual differences in the truth effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schnuerch ◽  
Lena Nadarevic ◽  
Jeffrey Rouder
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Truth Effect ◽  
Negative Truth ◽  
Positive Truth

The repetition-induced truth effect refers to a phenomenon where people rate repeated statements as more likely true than novel statements. In this paper we document qualitative individual differences in the effect. While the overwhelming majority of participants display the usual positive truth effect, a minority are the opposite – they reliably discount the validity of repeated statements, what we refer to as negative truth effect. We examine 8 truth-effect data sets where individual-level data are curated. These sets are composed of 1,105 individuals performing 38,904 judgments. Through Bayes factor model comparison, we show that reliable negative truth effects occur in 5 of the 8 data sets. The negative truth effect is informative because it seems unreasonable that the mechanisms mediating the positive truth effect are the same that lead to a discounting of repeated statements' validity. Moreover, the presence of qualitative differences motivates a different type of analysis of individual differences based on ordinal (i.e., Which sign does the effect have?) rather than metric measures. To our knowledge, this paper reports the first such reliable qualitative differences in a cognitive task.

scholarly journals The truth revisited: Bayesian analysis of individual differences in the truth effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schnuerch ◽  
Lena Nadarevic ◽  
Jeffrey N. Rouder
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Truth Effect ◽  
Negative Truth ◽  
Positive Truth

Abstract The repetition-induced truth effect refers to a phenomenon where people rate repeated statements as more likely true than novel statements. In this paper, we document qualitative individual differences in the effect. While the overwhelming majority of participants display the usual positive truth effect, a minority are the opposite—they reliably discount the validity of repeated statements, what we refer to as negative truth effect. We examine eight truth-effect data sets where individual-level data are curated. These sets are composed of 1105 individuals performing 38,904 judgments. Through Bayes factor model comparison, we show that reliable negative truth effects occur in five of the eight data sets. The negative truth effect is informative because it seems unreasonable that the mechanisms mediating the positive truth effect are the same that lead to a discounting of repeated statements’ validity. Moreover, the presence of qualitative differences motivates a different type of analysis of individual differences based on ordinal (i.e., Which sign does the effect have?) rather than metric measures. To our knowledge, this paper reports the first such reliable qualitative differences in a cognitive task.

Individual differences at 20 months: analytic and holistic strategies in language acquisition

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Bretherton ◽  
Sandra McNew ◽  
Lynn Snyder ◽  
Elizabeth Bates
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Holistic Processing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Acquisition Strategies ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACTThe study focuses on the language abilities of 30 20-month-old children, using data from two sources: a detailed maternal interview and 90 minutes of videotaped observation. Observed language was coded into the categories used for the interview. Production and comprehension at 28 months (MLU, PPVT and morphology comprehension) were also assessed. Observation and interview data at 20 months were highly intercorrelated. Cluster analyses of both data sets yielded referential, grammatical morpheme and dialogue clusters, providing partial support for the nominal/pronominal and referential/expressive acquisition styles reported in the literature. However, the referential and grammatical morpheme clusters were highly correlated, suggesting that two acquisition strategies are developing in parallel. Only for those children who heavily emphasize one strategy can one speak of a distinctive style. All interview and observation clusters predicted 28-months MLU, but the grammatical morpheme clusters did not predict later performance on a Grammatical Morpheme Test. It is tentatively suggested that holistic processing strategies underlie the pronominal/expressive style.

PERCEIVED QUALITY OF NEIGHBOURHOODS IN A CITY IN NORTHWEST SPAIN: AN INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES SCALING APPROACH

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Garcı́a-Mira ◽  
Constantino Arce ◽  
José M. Sabucedo
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Individual Differences Scaling
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document