Expansion of the first-order planetary disturbing function by Smart's method

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman M. Kamel ◽  
Adel S. Soliman

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman M. Kamel ◽  
Adel S. Soliman


1833 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 559-592

The perturbations of the planets caused by their mutual attraction depend chiefly upon one algebraic expression, from the development of which all the inequalities of their motions are derived. This function is very complicated, and requires much labour and many tedious operations to expand it in a series of parts which can be separately computed according to the occasions of the astronomer. The progress of physical astronomy has undoubtedly been re­tarded by the excessive length and irksomeness attending the arithmetical calculation of the inequalities. On this subject astronomers generally and continually complain; and that their complaints are well founded, is very aptly illustrated by a paper contained in the last year’s Transactions of this Society. The disturbing function is usually expanded in parts arranged according to the powers and products of the excentricities and the inclinations of the orbits to the ecliptic; and, as these elements are always small, the resulting series decreases in every case with great rapidity. No difficulty would therefore be found in this research, if an inequality depended solely on the quantity of the coefficient of its argument in the expanded function; because the terms of the series decrease so fast, that all of them, except those of the first order, or, at most, those of the first and second orders, might be safely neglected, as pro­ducing no sensible variation in the planet’s motion. But the magnitude of an inequality depends upon the length of its period, as well as upon the coefficient of its argument. When the former embraces a course of many years, the latter, although almost evanescent in the differential equation, acquires a great mul­tiplier in the process of integration, and thus comes to have a sensible effect on the place of the planet. Such is the origin of some of the most remarkable of the planetary irregularities, and in particular, of the great equations in the mean motions of Jupiter and Saturn, the discovery of which does so much honour to the sagacity of Laplace. It is not, therefore, enough to calculate the terms of the first order, or of the first and second orders, in the expansion of the disturbing function. This is already done in most of the books that treat of physical astronomy with all the care and fulness which the importance of the subject demands, leaving little room for further improvement. In the present state of the theory of the planetary motions, it is requisite that the astronomer have it in his power to compute any term in the expansion of the disturbing function below the sixth order; since it has been found that there are inequalities depending upon terms of the fifth order, which have a sensible effect on the motions of some of the planets.



1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 490-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Broucke ◽  
G. Smith


1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman M. Kamel


2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Han-Lun Lei

Abstract In this study, a new expansion of planetary disturbing function is developed for describing the resonant dynamics of minor bodies with arbitrary inclinations and semimajor axis ratios. In practice, the disturbing function is expanded around circular orbits in the first step and then, in the second step, the resulting mutual interaction between circular orbits is expanded around a reference point. As usual, the resulting expansion is presented in the Fourier series form, where the force amplitudes are dependent on the semimajor axis, eccentricity and inclination, and the harmonic arguments are linear combinations of the mean longitude, longitude of pericenter and longitude of ascending node of each mass. The resulting new expansion is valid for arbitrary inclinations and semimajor axis ratios. In the case of mean motion resonant configuration, the disturbing function can be easily averaged to produce the analytical expansion of resonant disturbing function. Based on the analytical expansion, the Hamiltonian model of mean motion resonances is formulated, and the resulting analytical developments are applied to Jupiter’s inner and co-orbital resonances and Neptune’s exterior resonances. Analytical expansion is validated by comparing the analytical results with the associated numerical outcomes.





1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Izsak

A computer program is described for the analytical development of the planetary disturbing function in the form of a fourfold trigonometric series with threefold power series as coefficients.



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