Analytical Model for Separated Frequency Signature of Outer Race Bearing Fault From Static Eccentricity

The present paper addresses a precise and an accurate mathematical model for three-phase squirrel cage induction motors, based on winding function theory. Through an analytical development, a comparative way is presented to separate the signature between the existence of the outer race bearing fault and the static eccentricity concerning the asymmetry of the air gap between the stator and the rotor. This analytical model proposes an effective signature of outer race defect separately from other signatures of static eccentricity. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed analytical model.

Analytical warm dark matter power spectrum on small scales

Using the Reduced Relativistic Gas (RRG) model, we analytically determine the matter power spectrum for Warm Dark Matter (WDM) on small scales, k > 1 h/Mpc. The RRG is a simplified model for the ideal relativistic gas, but very accurate in the cosmological context. In another work, we have shown that, for typical allowed masses for dark matter particles, m>5 keV, the higher order multipoles, ℓ ≥ 2, in the Einstein-Boltzmann system of equations are negligible on scales k < 10 h/Mpc. Hence, we can follow the perturbations of WDM using the ideal fluid framework, with equation of state and sound speed of perturbations given by the RRG model. We derive a Mészáros-like equation for WDM and solve it analytically in radiation, matter and dark energy dominated eras. Joining these solutions, we get an expression that determines the value of WDM perturbations as a function of redshift and wavenumber. Then we construct the matter power spectrum and transfer function of WDM on small scales and compare it to some results coming from Lyman-α forest observations. Besides being a clear and pedagogical analytical development to understand the evolution of WDM perturbations, our power spectrum results are consistent with the observations considered and the other determinations of the degree of warmness of dark matter particles.

Research on the analytical development and progress of gravitational wave detection technology

This article demonstrates the basic principle and the recent progress of gravitational wave detection based on information retrieval and literature review. The article describes and illustrates the gravitational wave, including the description of the adopted field equation and its properties. There is also a demonstration of the principle behind the first direct gravitational wave detection. Some other potential ground-based detectors, e.g., KAGRA and space-borne detectors, are also listed and contrasted. Since gravitational waves tend to retain themselves from interacting with matter, which travels from a much earlier time than Electromagnetic waves and should be a vital component to Cosmology studies, the space-borne detectors Taiji and LISA will also interlace with each other to explore deeper space in the 2030s, which would be significant progress in gravitational wave Astronomy. This article employs literature analysis that examines papers that discuss the nature of gravitational waves and their detection. These analyses will shed light on gravitational wave detection development.

A Review of Markers in Ayurveda for Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

From the ancient days itself the ayurvedic medicine has special importance. This ayurvedic system of medicine originated in India. In India nearly 70% of people use ayurvedic system of medicine along the western system of medicine. The Ayurveda mainly come under three classes are vata, pitta and the kapha. Chemically identified constituents of an herbal medicine that are of concern for quality control purposes are known as markers. Some of the markers are widely used for anti-inflammatory agents are Boswellia, sunthi, gokshuru, guduchi, guggulu this marker possess anti-inflammatory action that reduces pain, swelling of joints, Arthritis, joint complaints, Muscular injuries etc. The chromatographical / spectroscopical analytical development can be done for markers. The analytical development possess the way to the analytical information about the markers. The technique such as HPLC, HPTLC, LC-MS, UPLC-PDA are properly validated by ICH guidelines using validation parameters such as accuracy, recovery, precision, LOD, LOQ, Robustness etc. For many markers there is lack of development of Hyphenated techniques. By increasing the analytical techniques, research is prone to be more effective and successful to promote quality, safety and efficacy.

Optimum Slot and Pole Design for Vibration Reduction in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are increasingly being used and are required to satisfy noise and vibration specifications. Thus, it is necessary to develop design guidelines for electric motors that consider vibration response as a key output of the design. This work shows the influence of the main design parameters regarding PMSMs: the number of slots and the number of poles. First, the influence of the number of slots in the natural frequencies is analysed by Finite Element calculations, which are experimentally verified. Then, the analytical calculation of the vibration response is explained. This is applied for several combinations of the number of slots and the number of poles, and the results are compared. Considering the analytical development, a procedure to choose the most adequate combination of the number of slots and poles is proposed. The analytical predictions are validated according to experimental measurements in two machines.

Analytical Discovery of Water Disinfection Byproducts of Toxicological Relevance: Highlighting Halobenzoquinones

Analytical advancement enables the discovery water research, while challenges in identification and determination of a wide range of trace level toxic compounds in water drives the development of new analytical platforms and tools. Identification of toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in disinfected drinking water is an excellent example. Water disinfection is necessary to protect the public from waterborne disease. However, an unintentional consequence is the formation of DBPs resulting from reactions of disinfectants with natural organic matter in source water. To date, regulated DBPs do not account for the increased bladder cancer risk estimated in epidemiological studies. The majority of halogenated DBPs remain unidentified and the discovery of unknown DBPs of toxicological relevance continues to be a major focus of current water research. This review will highlight halobenzoquinones as a class of DBPs that serves as an example of analytical development and toxicological studies. We will feature recent trends and gaps in analytical technologies for identification of unknown DBPs and bioassays for evaluation of the toxicological effects of specific DBPs and their mixtures.

Modelling of the analytical development of the Gothic future tense form

The purpose of this article is to give the model, which demonstrates the development of the Future tense forms in the Gothic language. The initial stage of modelling the Future tense development includes the description of components according to their constituent features. It gives the possibility of tracing the gradual analytisation of corresponding grammatical form, and finding out latent features, which are characteristic for differentiated grammatical forms creating and building the set of Germanic future tense formal structures. The subject of the investigation are peculiarities of formation mechanism of temporal verb forms for projecting the action into the future. To describe the future action the Gothic language used forms of the Present tense involving phrase or upper phrase context. Within the Present tense forms a prefixal word formation model was found. The Greek future tense was translated involving prefixal and present forms in the Gothic language. The Gothic optative was involved to render the future tense. The present tense forms gain future meaning under the influence of aspect-tense specificity, which is recognized as futurelizing factor. Functions of the aspect-tense specificity may be performed with phrase or upper phrase context and syntactical structures with definitely represented semantics. Distinguished present tense constructions create the primary pivot, which is a basis for further development of the Gothic future tense forms. Gothic analytical structures with participle or infinitive were formed involving inchoative, strong, preterite present verbs. These structures are recognized as compound verbal predicates. Analytical structures cover the pivot creating coaxial cylinders. The whole model may be recognized as divergent-rotational because representing the Gothic future tense forms model itself "moves" along the temporal axis. Multilevel model structure demonstrates the fact that analytical forms are changeable in the gravitation. The comparison of divergent-rotational model components and peculiarities of their arrangement indicates and the caudal development of the Future tense forms in the Gothic language. Tendencies found and distinguished as initial, primary in the Gothic language happen in the process of development of the Old Germanic languages. These tendencies are reflected in the Modern Germanic languages, too.